From en anglais : grammaire anglaise / définition
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From
Principaux sens de FROM :
• l'origine, la provenance :
• l'origine, la provenance :
Where are you from? D'où êtes-vous? De quel pays êtes-vous originaire?
I am from Norway. Je suis Norvégien.
I am from Norway. Je suis Norvégien.
a train from London un train en provenance de Londres
(par opposition à a train to London un train à destination de Londres
(par opposition à a train to London un train à destination de Londres
• le point de départ, dans l'espace comme dans le temps :
from Paris to Dakar de Paris à Dakar
from Monday to Friday du lundi au vendredi
from November 1st until December 5th du 1er novembre au 5 décembre
• la cause :
She died from a gunshot wound to the ankle. Elle est morte d'une balle (de pistolet) dans la cheville.
Bruno suffers from a strange disease. Bruno souffre d'une maladie étrange.
I'm still a little drunk from all the champagne I drank yesterday. Je suis encore un peu ivre avec tout le champagne que j'ai bu hier.
He still has a scar from his car accident years ago. Il a toujours une cicatrice suite à l'accident de voiture qu'il a eu il y a quelques années.
• la référence (D'après, selon) :
From what I read in the newspapers, he's still alive. D'après ce que j'ai lu dans les journaux, il est encore vivant.
From his point of view, the company isn't pursuing all the possible opportunities abroad. Selon lui, l'entreprise n'exploite pas toutes les opportunités envisageables à l'étranger.
• quelques expressions :
from time to time de temps en temps
from now on dorénavant, désormais
to stop (somebody) from (doing something) empêcher (quelqu'un) de (faire quelque chose)
Exercice 1
Luna: Bob, you have a funny way of talking. Where are you ?
Bob: Well, originally, I'm a small town in Kansas, but I've spent most of my life here California.
Luna: That's so interesting.
Bob: Well, originally, I'm a small town in Kansas, but I've spent most of my life here California.
Luna: That's so interesting.
Luna: Bob, you have a funny way of talking. Where are you from 1?
Bob: Well, originally, I'm from 2 a small town in Kansas, but I've spent most of my life here in 3 California.
Luna: That's so interesting.
Bob: Well, originally, I'm from 2 a small town in Kansas, but I've spent most of my life here in 3 California.
Luna: That's so interesting.
1 from: We use 'from' to indicate an origin (of time, space etc). Luna is asking Bob about his origins. She probably wants to know where Bob was born, or where he grew up.
1 of: 'Where are you of' is not a valid grammatical construction.
1 in: 'Where are you in' is not a valid grammatical construction.
2 from: We use 'from' to indicate an origin (of time, space etc). Bob is expressing that he 'grew up' or 'was born' in Kansas. This is the best choice here.
2 at: Unless Bob is discussing his current location, he shouldn't say that he is 'at' a small town in Kansas. Bob says that 'originally' which indicates that he is talking about his original home.
2 of: 'I'm of a small town' is not an appropriate construction. It is rarely, if ever, used to indicate one's origins. We could say, however: 'I am of French origin'.
3 in: Because Bob is now in California, he is presently 'in' the state. We use 'in' to indicate current location, or the thought of being 'within' a location.
3 at: We cannot use 'at' when speaking of cities and states. We could say, however: 'He's at the supermarket'. To express the thought of 'residing within a location' we use the preposition 'in'.
3 from: Because Bob is not originally from California, as he states earlier in the exchange, and did not live there when he was younger, we cannot use 'from' (which expresses origin) here.
Exercice 2
When he was younger, Bob Carter suffered asthma. His mother gave him tall glasses of milk time time, and this helped to calm the young boy, who was easily excitable.
When he was younger, Bob Carter suffered from 1 asthma. His mother gave him tall glasses of milk from 2 time to 3 time, and this helped to calm the young boy, who was easily excitable.
1 from: We can use 'from' to show the cause of something (such as a disease or illness).
1 by: We cannot say that someone 'suffers by' something. We say that they 'suffer from' asthma.
1 because: We cannot use 'because' here because it is not followed by 'of'. We could say however: 'Bob suffered because of his fits of asthma'.
2 from: The expression we are using here is 'from time to time'. It is a common idiom in the English language, used to express the 'occasional occurrence of something'.
2 to: We cannot use 'to' here. 'To time to time' doesn't really express a coherent thought. The idiom requires 'from' to express that something happens 'occasionally' or 'every once in a while'.
2 as: We cannot use 'as' here because the phrase requires 'from'. 'As time to time' doesn't really express a coherent thought. The idiom requires 'from' to express that something happens 'occasionally' or 'every once in a while'.
3 to: The expression we are using here is 'from time to time'. It is a common idiom in the English language, describing an action which occurs occasionally, or every once in a while.
3 from: We cannot use 'from' here because the phrase requires 'to'. 'From time from time' does not make sense.
3 in: We cannot use 'in' here because the phrase requires 'to'. 'From time in time' does not make sense.
Exercice 3
Bob: Hello, Luna. You know, I never asked where you are .
Luna: I come from a land far, far . It's called Sacramento.
Luna: I come from a land far, far . It's called Sacramento.
Bob: Hello, Luna. You know, I never asked where you are from 1.
Luna: I come from a land far, far away 2. It's called Sacramento.
Luna: I come from a land far, far away 2. It's called Sacramento.
1 from: We use 'from' to ask the origin of a person. This is the best choice here.
1 away: 'Where you are away' is an invalid grammatical construction.
1 of: 'Where you are of' is grammatically incorrect. We could say, however: 'Are you of Italian origin?'
2 away: 'Far away' is a common expression in English which indicates 'a very long distance'. This is the best choice here.
2 from: 'Far from' cannot be used in this type of construction. We could say, however: 'I come from a land far, far from here'.
2 of: 'Far of' does not make sense. It is grammatically incorrect.
Exercice 4
When I got bed this morning, I noticed that my bedroom had been replaced by the inside of a spaceship. I had been abducted by aliens. a very early age it had been my dream, and now it was finally coming true.
When I got out of 1 bed this morning, I noticed that my bedroom had been replaced by the inside of a spaceship. I had been abducted by aliens. From 2 a very early age it had been my dream, and now it was finally coming true.
1 out of: This is the best choice here. We use 'out of' here to express the action of getting 'up from' bed. This use of 'out of' indicates the origin, or 'from where' the speaker 'got up', or removed himself from his bed.
1 from: 'I got from bed' is grammatically incorrect. 'From' cannot be used by itself to indicate the movement 'out of' bed. We can say, however: 'I got up from my bed'.
1 out: 'I got out bed' is grammatically incorrect. 'Out' cannot be used by itself to indicate the movement 'out of' bed.
1 up of: 'Up of' is grammatically incorrect. It is extremely rare to see these two prepositions used together like this. However, in a different context, we could say that 'a martini is made up of gin and vermouth'. 'to be made up of (gin and vermouth)' describes the composition of the Martini.
2 From: We use 'from' to indicate the start or beginning of a duration of time, whether precise or imprecise ('from 3:30 in the afternoon', or 'from a young age'. Here, 'from' describes the point in time when the speaker's dreams about aliens began (when he was young).
2 Of: 'Of a very early age' does not make sense. We must use the preposition 'from' to correctly complete this construction.
2 Out of: 'Out of a very early age' is grammatically incorrect. 'Out of' cannot be used to express the passage of time. It is usually used to denote movement or cause.
2 Up of: 'Up of' is grammatically incorrect. These two prepositions are never used together like this.
Exercice 5
Memo To The Staff: Bruno will be on vacation the 25th of October the 4th of November. He has already finished all his preparations. He will be leaving directly the offices on the morning of the 25th. Please make a note of this absence.
Memo To The Staff: Bruno will be on vacation from 1 the 25th of October to 2 the 4th of November. He has already finished all of 3 his preparations. He will be leaving directly from 4 the offices on the morning of the 25th. Please make a note of this absence.
1 from: This is the best choice here. We often use 'from' to show the moment of origin in time.
1 to: Because 'to' typically indicates result, we cannot use it here.
1 of: 'Of' is grammatically incorrect here. 'Of' is usually used to indicate possession.
1 with: Unless Bruno is going to be accompanied by the '25th of October', 'with' does not make sense here.
2 to: This is the best choice here. We use 'to' to show the end or conclusion of a period of time.
2 from: Because 'from' typically indicates origin, we cannot use it here.
2 of: 'Of' is grammatically incorrect here. 'Of' is usually used to indicate possession.
2 with: Unless Bruno is going to be accompanied by the '4th of November', 'with' does not make sense here.
3 of: This is the best choice here. We use 'of' to indicates possession. 'All of his preparations' refers to 'Bruno's preparations'.
3 from: 'From' is grammatically incorrect here. We need a preposition to indicate possession, and 'from' cannot be used in this way.
3 to: 'To' is grammatically incorrect here. We need a preposition to indicate possession, and 'to' cannot be used in this way.
3 with: 'With' is grammatically incorrect here. We need a preposition to indicate possession, and 'with' cannot be used in this way.
4 from: This is the best choice here. We often use 'from' to show origin in space or location.
4 to: Because 'to' typically indicates result, we cannot use it here.
4 of: 'Of' is grammatically incorrect here. 'Of' is usually used to indicate possession.
4 with: 'With' is grammatically incorrect here. 'With' is usually used to indicate correlations or accompaniments.
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