Bonus
用Gymglish学习英语词汇小贴士和定义。
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定义
a bonus: 奖金，分红
Last year Edward bought an Aston Martin DB9 with his Christmas Bonus. Me, I bought a sofa.去年，爱德华买了一辆阿斯顿马丁DB9作为自己的圣诞奖品。而我，买了一个沙发。
示例
- "Give bonuses to the entire staff."
- "On the other hand, we must sell the notion that this boxed set is a true collector's item: a bonus for loyal distributors of our products."
- "Being your special assistant is reward enough, so to receive a bonus for my work is very generous of you."
- "On behalf of the Delavigne Corporation I'm delighted to reward you with a substantial bonus and a magnum of Bordello Breeze perfume."
- "Icarus : 4.63 times as much in fact, not counting your monthly bonuses."
- "You can keep your current frequent flyer miles, and as a new customer with Loman's, you get a bonus 10 miles towards the airline of your choice."
- "Outside space would be a bonus."
- "Subject: RE: End-of-year bonus"
练习 1
True or False? Trey writes that he received financial bonuses at Mirage Makeup.
True or False? Trey writes that he received financial bonuses at Mirage Makeup.
This statement is not true.
This statement is false. Trey received "3 Employee-of-the-month awards" which is a recognition of being an excellent employee. A "bonus" is an amount of money given to an employee in addition to their salary for a good performance (surpassing a specific objective or for the holidays for example). Trey is not indicating that he received financial bonuses when he writes about his employee-of-the-month awards.
练习 2
The subject is missing from Bruno's message. Choose the most appropriate subject line for this e-mail!
Note that we're looking for something that gives an appropriate summary of Bruno's e-mail!
Subject:
Note that we're looking for something that gives an appropriate summary of Bruno's e-mail!
Subject:
The subject is missing from Bruno's message. Choose the most appropriate subject line for this e-mail!
Note that we're looking for something that gives an appropriate summary of Bruno's e-mail!
Subject:
Excerpt: I'm delighted to reward you with a substantial bonus and a magnum of Bordello Breeze perfume.
Note that we're looking for something that gives an appropriate summary of Bruno's e-mail!
Subject:
This is not correct. The subject should not be ambiguous. Does "meeting" mean yesterday's end-of-year-review, and earlier meeting, or some new meeting at a later date? The crucial point of the message is Brian's end-of-year bonus.
This is correct. It is short, clear and addresses the central point of the message it introduces: Brian's end-of-year reward for loyal service.
This is not correct. The subject should be clear, and should address the central point of the message it introduces. Although Bruno does mention espionage, this is not the central point of the e-mail. The essential point of the message is Brian's end-of-year bonus.
This is not correct. The subject should be short and clear, and should address the central point of the message it introduces. This "subject" is nearly as long as the message itself! The essential point of the message is Brian's end-of-year bonus.
Excerpt: I'm delighted to reward you with a substantial bonus and a magnum of Bordello Breeze perfume.
练习 3
Select the TRUE statement(s) from the list below, according to Edward's advert.
There may be more than one correct answer!
There may be more than one correct answer!
Select the TRUE statement(s) from the list below, according to Edward's advert.
There may be more than one correct answer!
There may be more than one correct answer!
This is a false statement. Edward tells us that he "already live(s) in a studio apartment in the city", meaning that he already has a home in San Francisco, but is looking for a nicer, bigger one!
This is a false statement. Edward writes that he is "single". In this context, "single" means unmarried, or without a romantic partner. Edward does not have a "wife". Example: "Please will you introduce me to some of your single friends? I'm lonely".
This statement is false. Edward describes himself as "clean and tidy". This means that he is neat, organised, and has good levels of hygiene. He is therefore the opposite of "messy".
This is the only true statement here. In his advert, Edward writes that "outside space would be a bonus". A "bonus" is an "advantage" in this context. "Outside space" is an area which is in the open air, such as a garden or yard.
练习 4
Fill in the blank spaces below with appropriate terms from the text you have just read.
I'm going to buy some books with the my mother gave me.
The man who lives on the floor me wears heavy boots and moves his furniture a lot.
I'm going to buy some books with the my mother gave me.
The man who lives on the floor me wears heavy boots and moves his furniture a lot.
Fill in the blank spaces below with appropriate terms from the text you have just read.
I'm going to buy some books with the gift voucher 1 my mother gave me.
The man who lives on the floor above 2 me wears heavy boots and moves his furniture a lot.
I'm going to buy some books with the gift voucher 1 my mother gave me.
The man who lives on the floor above 2 me wears heavy boots and moves his furniture a lot.
1 gift voucher: This is correct. A "gift voucher" is a certificate that can be used instead of money to purchase items in a shop. Example: "When you don't know what to give someone for their birthday, gift vouchers are an easy option."
2 above: This is correct. The preposition "above" is used for spatial relations where one thing is regarded as overhead another. Example: "My grandfather has hung a lucky horse shoe above the door to his cabin".
练习 5
"The ageing population is certainly a drain on resources."
How else could Icarus have expressed this?
"...the population is certainly a on ."
How else could Icarus have expressed this?
"...the population is certainly a on ."
"The ageing population is certainly a drain on resources."
How else could Icarus have expressed this?
"...the elderly 1 population is certainly a burden 2 on funds 3."
How else could Icarus have expressed this?
"...the elderly 1 population is certainly a burden 2 on funds 3."
1 elderly: This is the right choice here. "Elderly" is synonymous with "old" or "ageing" (which literally means "becoming older"). The ageing population, for example in Europe, creates problems for social security systems where current workers fund the pensions of retired people.
1 sick: This is not the right choice. "Sick" is not synonymous with "ageing". Anybody can be sick at any age and at any time. In fact, I'm not feeling too good myself today and I'm very young (honestly!).
1 disabled: This is not the right answer. Other ways of saying "disabled" include "handicapped" and "physically or mentally challenged". Although being disabled applies to some elderly people, it doesn't apply to them all and so they are not synonymous.
1 unemployed: This is incorrect. "Ageing" does not mean the same as "unemployed" which means "without work". However, we would expect most old people to be unemployed. We don't want to send our senior citizens out to work! Let them have a rest!
2 burden: This is correct. A "burden" is a "weight" or a "strain" or a "drain", something that causes a problem. For example: "My in-laws are coming to visit on Saturday. They are such a burden. I put in so much effort and they are never satisfied." In a more literal context, a "drain" is a pipe where used water and other things go once you have flushed the toilet or emptied the sink!
2 hole: This is not the right answer. A "drain" in the house (under the sink for example) or on a road is where waste and excess water escapes into the sewage system. It is a hole. But, in the phrase above, the word "drain" can not be substituted with "hole". "Drain" in this context means more than simply a physical "hole".
2 bonus: "Bonus" is not synonymous with "drain". A "bonus" is an additional benefit. For example: "My director gave me a $500 bonus for working well on the project. I spent it all at the casino."
2 factor: This is incorrect. A factor is "point", an "aspect", a "consideration" or an "element" of something. For example: "There are several factors to consider before buying a house. The three most important are location, location and location." "Factor" does not mean the same thing as "drain".
3 funds: This is the correct choice. "Funds" are the money available to a person, company, government etc. The word is synonymous with "resources" in this context. Note that "funds" is a purely financial word whereas "resources" can be used in other contexts. For example "natural resources" (gas, trees, etc).
3 hospitals: This is incorrect. A hospital is where we go when we are sick and need medical help. It does not mean the same as "resources".
3 young people: Young people could be considered as our "resources" for the future, but the two words are not interchangeable. This is not the right answer.
3 shares: This is not the right choice here. "Shares" are "parts" of a company that are bought and sold on the stock exchange. A person who has "shares" in the company is called a "shareholder". They are not the same as "resources".
