Cause
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定义
to cause: 由...引起、原因是...
The shortage of water is caused by the drought.这场干旱导致了供水不足。
The traffic jam caused me to be late for work.堵车导致我上班迟到了。
(lung cancer is often) caused by (smoking): （肺癌通常）由于（吸烟）引起的
a cause: 一个理由
Alcohol is the cause of many accidents. 很多事故都是由于酒精引起的。
We're trying to raise money for a good cause. 为了更好地目我们试着集资。
Pronunciation examples
UK: What caused the accident?
US: The good news was a cause for celebration.
示例
- "In fact, the police have informed us that this food poisoning was caused by environmental extremists."
- "I am devoted to various evil causes and ventures."
- "They call him that cause he says everything 3 times."
- "- International Cosmetics Supply Center cannot be held liable for any harm caused to your person by the products provided."
- "Here is a short list of commonly accepted reasons for just cause terminations"
- "The day after the accident, you told me that since you had caused this mess, you would be following up promptly and would keep me posted on developments."
- "I've caused a paper jam. What do you say to me?"
- "15th, tomorrow will make seven (7) weeks since your renovation project "incident" caused significant water damage to the ceiling of my bathroom (i."
- "I think it's actually the moon's gravitational pull which causes the earth to rotate, but I digress."
- "Cause of death?"
- "Perhaps the benefits of the internet outweigh any damage it may cause to the environment?"
- "I want a record of all the comings and goings of the people who use the meeting room. I want to find out who's causing the mess!"
- "It can be caused by a severe injury or a virus."
- "I'm confident that if we sue the supermarket for causing your accident, the compensation could be millions!"
- "I have included restaurant vouchers to the value of $300 to compensate you and your son for the discomfort caused, and look forward to seeing you in our restaurant in the near future."
- "If any of you believe that you have cause for firing an employee, or are considering the possibility of firing an employee, please discuss it with the HR department first."
- "The thought of working with your company causes me a wonderful angst!"
- "For me, getting older is not a cause for celebration but rather a cause for existential pain."
- "For example, in 2006, the company sponsored the planting of thousands of trees to compensate for carbon emissions caused by our activities."
练习 1
Bob writes that the "server at station 12 caused the entire network to crash".
What does this mean exactly?
What does this mean exactly?
Bob writes that the "server at station 12 caused the entire network to crash".
What does this mean exactly?
What does this mean exactly?
The server "caused" the network "to crash". This means that the server was the reason that the network malfunctioned.
Although this might be true, it is not the best definition of the phrase.
This is just preposterous.
The server caused the network to crash, it was not because of the network.
练习 2
Select the most appropriate answers for the text below.
Many scientists agree that excessive cellular phone use brain cancer. However, it has not been determined whether the cancer is the cell phone's microwaves or the mental processes of cell phone users. Scientists are still looking into the of cancer in cell phone users.
Many scientists agree that excessive cellular phone use brain cancer. However, it has not been determined whether the cancer is the cell phone's microwaves or the mental processes of cell phone users. Scientists are still looking into the of cancer in cell phone users.
Select the most appropriate answers for the text below.
Many scientists agree that excessive cellular phone use causes 1 brain cancer. However, it has not been determined whether the cancer is caused by 2 the cell phone's microwaves or the mental processes of cell phone users. Scientists are still looking into the cause 3 of cancer in cell phone users.
Many scientists agree that excessive cellular phone use causes 1 brain cancer. However, it has not been determined whether the cancer is caused by 2 the cell phone's microwaves or the mental processes of cell phone users. Scientists are still looking into the cause 3 of cancer in cell phone users.
1 causes: This choice is correct. It is common medical vocabulary to state that a certain factor "causes" a certain illness.
1 caused by: "Caused by" does not fit into this construction grammatically. However, we might say, "Cancer can be CAUSED BY excessive cell phone use". "(Obesity can be) caused by (overeating)" describes the effect (obesity) and the cause (overeating)' of a relationship.
1 cause: The term "cause" is grammatically incorrect in this construction. This construction requires a verb conjugated in the third person form of the simple present tense.
2 caused by: This choice is correct. The expression "(Obesity can be) caused by (overeating)" describes the effect (obesity) and the cause (overeating)" of a relationship. It is common to state that a certain illness is 'caused by" a certain factor.
2 cause: This sentence is grammatically incorrect, and would suggest that having brain cancer leads to cell phone microwaves!
2 causes: This sentence is grammatically incorrect, and would suggest that having brain cancer leads to cell phone microwaves!
3 cause: This is correct. Here we are using the noun "cause" which describes the origin or reason for an event.
3 caused by: This is grammatically incorrect. A noun is required in this construction.
3 caused: This is grammatically incorrect. A noun is required in this construction.
练习 3
Find the word combinations used in the conversation!
| confidence | |
| stable | |
| problems |
Find the word combinations used in the conversation!
| to restore 1 | confidence |
| to remain 2 | stable |
| to cause 3 | problems |
1 to restore: This is correct. "To restore confidence" is "to give confidence back (to someone or something)" or "return someone's confidence to a previous level". Example: The win helped RESTORE the football team's CONFIDENCE. In the conversation, Edward says, "due to some good PR work, confidence in the company will be restored!". This means that thanks to some impressive "public relations" work with the media, people will soon start to trust the Delavigne brand once again.
1 to remain: "To remain confidence" doesn't make sense. However we could say "to remain confident". Example: Despite England's recent 10-0 defeat against Germany, the coach REMAINS CONFIDENT about the team's future.
1 to cause: "To cause confidence" doesn't make sense. "To cause" is usually used to describe negative effects. Example: Too much sun can CAUSE skin cancer. "To cause" isn't usually used to describe positive effects such as "confidence".
2 to remain: This is correct. "To remain stable" means to continue in the same state without changing. Example: The F1 race driver's condition REMAINS STABLE following the crash. In the conversation, Edward says, "there will be 6 months where the Delavigne share price remains stable". This means the share price will not change during this period.
2 to restore: Oops! "To restore stable" doesn't make sense!
2 to cause: Oops! "To cause stable" doesn't make sense!
3 to cause: This is correct. The expression "(overeating) causes (obesity)" describes the effect (obesity) and the cause (overeating) of a relationship. "To cause problems" is a very common combination of words. Example: The summer holidays are CAUSING circulation PROBLEMS on the roads. In the conversation, Edward predicts a "rumor about a product causing health problems".
3 to remain: "To remain problems" doesn't make sense grammatically. However, we could say, "Despite the visit by the plumber, PROBLEMS still REMAIN with the toilet".
3 to restore: "To restore" generally implies an improvement in conditions. Example: The police finally manged to RESTORE order after the fight. Therefore, "to restore problems" doesn't really make sense.
练习 4
Select the most appropriate answers for the text below.
Many scientists agree that excessive cellular phone use brain cancer. However, it has not been determined whether the cancer is the cell phone's microwaves or the mental processes of cell phone users. Scientists are still looking into the of cancer in cell phone users.
Many scientists agree that excessive cellular phone use brain cancer. However, it has not been determined whether the cancer is the cell phone's microwaves or the mental processes of cell phone users. Scientists are still looking into the of cancer in cell phone users.
Select the most appropriate answers for the text below.
Many scientists agree that excessive cellular phone use causes 1 brain cancer. However, it has not been determined whether the cancer is caused by 2 the cell phone's microwaves or the mental processes of cell phone users. Scientists are still looking into the cause 3 of cancer in cell phone users.
Many scientists agree that excessive cellular phone use causes 1 brain cancer. However, it has not been determined whether the cancer is caused by 2 the cell phone's microwaves or the mental processes of cell phone users. Scientists are still looking into the cause 3 of cancer in cell phone users.
1 causes: This choice is correct. It is common medical vocabulary to state that a certain factor "causes" a certain illness.
1 caused by: "Caused by" does not fit into this construction grammatically. However, we might say, "Cancer can be CAUSED BY excessive cell phone use". "(Obesity can be) caused by (overeating)" describes the effect (obesity) and the cause (overeating)' of a relationship.
1 cause: The term "cause" is grammatically incorrect in this construction. This construction requires a verb conjugated in the third person form of the simple present tense.
2 caused by: This choice is correct. The expression "(Obesity can be) caused by (overeating)" describes the effect (obesity) and the cause (overeating)" of a relationship. It is common to state that a certain illness is 'caused by" a certain factor.
2 cause: This sentence is grammatically incorrect, and would suggest that having brain cancer leads to cell phone microwaves!
2 causes: This sentence is grammatically incorrect, and would suggest that having brain cancer leads to cell phone microwaves!
3 cause: This is correct. Here we are using the noun "cause" which describes the origin or reason for an event.
3 caused by: This is grammatically incorrect. A noun is required in this construction.
3 caused: This is grammatically incorrect. A noun is required in this construction.
