Stubborn
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定义
stubborn: 顽固的，坚定不移的
示例
- "That Steffi is stubborn as an ox."
- "Donna : Brian Jones, you are the meanest, tightest, most stubborn person I've ever met."
- "I'm not sure if you've had any feedback from your colleagues regarding Miss Stake herself, but they have described her as "intrusive", "cold", and "stubborn"."
练习 1
Philip's colleagues have described Fiona as "stubborn".
Which animal from the list below is associated with being stubborn?
Which animal from the list below is associated with being stubborn?
Philip's colleagues have described Fiona as "stubborn".
Which animal from the list below is associated with being stubborn?
Excerpt: I'm not sure if you've had any feedback from your colleagues regarding Miss Stake herself, but they have described her as "intrusive", "cold", and "stubborn"
Which animal from the list below is associated with being stubborn?
To be "stubborn" is to be "headstrong", unwilling to compromise, or inflexible. A stubborn person is close-minded, and refuses to consider other options than their own. This trait, or characteristic, is often associated with the mule, a small horse used as a work animal. Mules are known to be very stubborn, as they refuse to move and must be encouraged to move forward constantly. The idiom to be "stubborn as a mule" is common in English.
Fish are generally associated with being cold, drinking a lot and being "slippery" (wet and evasive). Fish are not associated with being "stubborn". Expressions about fish include: "to drink like a fish" (to drink a lot of alcohol), and "to be cold as a fish" (to be unfeeling and emotionless).
"An owl" is a regal, nocturnal bird with enormous eyes, pointed ears and a neck which can turn up to 180 degrees. The owl is associated with being "wise", meaning it is intelligent and compassionate. The idiom "wise as an owl" is a common one in English. The owl is not associated with being "stubborn".
A fox is generally associated with being sly, clever and cunning, terms which refer to the fox's intelligence and hunting tactics. To be as "sly as fox" is a common idiom indicating someone's intelligence. The fox is not associated with being "stubborn".
Excerpt: I'm not sure if you've had any feedback from your colleagues regarding Miss Stake herself, but they have described her as "intrusive", "cold", and "stubborn"
练习 2
Take a look at the following terms.
Select the terms which best describe Horatio and Bruno's behavior in the two conversations you have just heard.
Select the terms which best describe Horatio and Bruno's behavior in the two conversations you have just heard.
Take a look at the following terms.
Select the terms which best describe Horatio and Bruno's behavior in the two conversations you have just heard.
Select the terms which best describe Horatio and Bruno's behavior in the two conversations you have just heard.
Correct. "Petty" is an adjective which describes situations of trivial or small importance. Example: the policeman was being very petty when he asked me all those unimportant questions. In this conversation, Horatio and Bruno argue about very small matters: who will sit down first, who will follow Donna to her office, etc. These arguments could be described as "petty", "trivial" or "unimportant".
Correct. A "stubborn" person is obstinate and inflexible. Stubborn people rarely change their opinion. Example: the stubborn policeman refused to listen to my side of the story. Horatio and Bruno are being very stubborn in these two scenes. When Bruno says, "I'll sit when I want to sit" he is acting like a "stubborn" child.
This is incorrect. Although Bruno and Horatio are old friends, their behavior to each other in this conversation is certainly not "friendly". "Friendly" behavior is kind and pleasant, for example: "the friendly policeman helped my grandmother across the street".
This is incorrect. "Considerate" behavior shows regard or respect for the needs of others. Example: The considerate policeman accompanied me to the gas station.' In these two scenes, Bruno and Horatio are not acting in a considerate way. They are being rude, and aren't interested in respecting each other's feelings.
Correct. An "argumentative" person is someone who looks for an argument or a dispute, or has a tendency to argue. Horatio and Bruno are angry with each other, and don't show any signs of wanting to reconcile their differences. They disagree on nearly everything. Their behavior could easily be described as "argumentative". Note that this adjective is totally unrelated to the idea of debate or "argument" in the sense of stating an opinion for or against a given topic.
练习 3
Choose the adjectives used in the dialogue that best fill each blank below!
"A person is someone who is unlikely to change their mind or back down from an argument."
" behavior is completely inappropriate, a way of acting that others find awful or deeply offensive."
"After many weeks searching, we've finally found a song for our wedding that will keep everyone happy."
"If you are conservative with your money, or "stingy", you can also be described as with it."
"A person is someone who is unlikely to change their mind or back down from an argument."
" behavior is completely inappropriate, a way of acting that others find awful or deeply offensive."
"After many weeks searching, we've finally found a song for our wedding that will keep everyone happy."
"If you are conservative with your money, or "stingy", you can also be described as with it."
Choose the adjectives used in the dialogue that best fill each blank below!
"A stubborn 1 person is someone who is unlikely to change their mind or back down from an argument."
"Outrageous 2 behavior is completely inappropriate, a way of acting that others find awful or deeply offensive."
"After many weeks searching, we've finally found a suitable 3 song for our wedding that will keep everyone happy."
"If you are conservative with your money, or "stingy", you can also be described as tight 4 with it."
"A stubborn 1 person is someone who is unlikely to change their mind or back down from an argument."
"Outrageous 2 behavior is completely inappropriate, a way of acting that others find awful or deeply offensive."
"After many weeks searching, we've finally found a suitable 3 song for our wedding that will keep everyone happy."
"If you are conservative with your money, or "stingy", you can also be described as tight 4 with it."
1 stubborn: This is the correct choice. A "stubborn (person)" is obstinate and inflexible. Stubborn people rarely change their opinion. Donna calls Brian "the most stubborn person I've ever met" because he refuses to lower his selling price. To "back down (in an argument)" is to withdraw an opinion in an argument.
1 mean: This is an incorrect choice. A "mean" person is either unkind or not willing to use much of something, especially money.
1 tight: This is an incorrect choice. While "tight" people are sometimes not open to different ideas - especially ideas that involve them lending you money - an unwillingness to back down is associated more with being stubborn.
1 outrageous: This is an incorrect choice. While being unwilling to change your mind is not exactly pleasant, it's not surprising enough to be outrageous either.
1 suitable: This is an incorrect choice. An unwillingness to back down from an argument may be suitable in certain situations, but it's certainly not the definition of suitable!
2 Outrageous: This is a correct choice. "Outrageous (behaviour)" is unusual, shocking, or morally unacceptable. Example: I was sent home from school because of my outrageous haircut. Brian says "Outrageous!" because he thinks that Donna's offer is completely unacceptable.
2 Mean: This is an incorrect choice. Although nobody likes "mean" behavior, it also not usually characterized as "deeply offensive". "Mean (behaviour)" is either unkind or "miserly".
2 Tight: This is an incorrect choice. Although some people may be annoyed when their friends are "tight", or ungenerous, this is not usually characterized as "deeply offensive". A "tight (person)" is less than generous with their money.
2 Stubborn: This is an incorrect choice. Although many people find stubborn behaviour irritating or difficult to deal with, it also not usually characterized as "deeply offensive". "Stubborn (behaviour)" is being obstinate and inflexible.
2 Suitable: This is an incorrect choice. To be "suitable" is almost the opposite of being "completely inappropriate".
3 suitable: This is the correct choice. To be "suitable" is to be appropriate for a purpose or an occasion. For example, "Well, this isn't a very beautiful dress, but it seems suitable to the occasion, given that we're at a funeral and all".
3 tight: This is an incorrect choice. Being "tight" has little or nothing to do with being "okay" or "appropriate".
3 stubborn: This is an incorrect choice. "Stubborn (behaviour)" is being obstinate and inflexible.
3 outrageous: This is an incorrect choice. People almost never describe outrageous as "okay" or "appropriate". In fact, it's almost the opposite.
4 tight: This is the correct choice. To be "tight" is, in common British usage, to be reluctant to spend or give, or to be "stingy" or ungenerous. In this context, "tight" is synonymous with "stingy" or "not generous". Donna calls Brian the "meanest, tightest" person she has ever met, meaning that she thinks that Brian is not generous with his money. In this context, "mean" is synonymous with "stingy" or "miserly" and is a chiefly British term.
4 stubborn: This is an incorrect choice. Being stubborn with your money does not mean that you hold onto it tightly.
4 outrageous: This is an incorrect choice. People who are outrageous with their money generally do not end up richer, while people who are tight with it often do.
4 suitable: This is an incorrect choice. This is not the definition of "suitable", which has nothing to do with money in particular.
练习 4
Fill in the blanks with terms used in the audio. The first letter is given.
This term is synonymous with "resolute" or "obstinate", it describes someone who is unlikely to change their mind. "Our client is very , he refuses to take our advice and change his price."
This term is synonymous with "success", "triumph" or "sensation", and often refers to a popular film or song. "Mr. Ambassador, these chocolates are a with everyone at the party."
This term is synonymous with "resolute" or "obstinate", it describes someone who is unlikely to change their mind. "Our client is very , he refuses to take our advice and change his price."
This term is synonymous with "success", "triumph" or "sensation", and often refers to a popular film or song. "Mr. Ambassador, these chocolates are a with everyone at the party."
Fill in the blanks with terms used in the audio. The first letter is given.
This term is synonymous with "resolute" or "obstinate", it describes someone who is unlikely to change their mind. "Our client is very [not done] stubborn 1, he refuses to take our advice and change his price."
This term is synonymous with "success", "triumph" or "sensation", and often refers to a popular film or song. "Mr. Ambassador, these chocolates are a [not done] hit 2 with everyone at the party."
This term is synonymous with "resolute" or "obstinate", it describes someone who is unlikely to change their mind. "Our client is very [not done] stubborn 1, he refuses to take our advice and change his price."
This term is synonymous with "success", "triumph" or "sensation", and often refers to a popular film or song. "Mr. Ambassador, these chocolates are a [not done] hit 2 with everyone at the party."
1 stubborn: A "stubborn (person)" is obstinate and inflexible. "Stubborn" people rarely change their opinion. Philip says that Steffi is "stubborn as an ox" because she has refused to accept Philip's negotiation offer. An "ox" is a "bull" or male cow. Note, the idiom "as stubborn as a mule" shares the same meaning (a "mule" is type of donkey or small horse known for being obstinate).
2 hit: A "hit" is a success or a popular thing. Philip says that Montmartre Musk is a "hit", meaning that it is very popular with clients.
练习 5
In this context, what does "tough" mean?
In this context, what does "tough" mean?
"Stubborn" means difficult to move or remove. Sometimes "tough" and "stubborn" are used in similar ways, for example "I can't get this tough/stubborn stain out in the wash" (the stain is difficult to remove). However in this context, Bruno is commenting on Horatio's physical strength.
"Evil" means wicked or immoral. Bruno is not referring to the quality of Horatio's character.
This is correct. When Bruno says "We can do this right now, tough guy. Let's go!", he is challenging Horatio to a fight. He calls him "tough" because he is questioning his strength. Here Bruno uses the term ironically, however a "tough" person is physically strong, resistant or has a high endurance. In another context, "a tough (math problem)" is difficult or challenging.
"Tough" is unrelated to size. The term refers to someone's strength or endurance in this context.
"Stupid" does not mean "tough". A "stupid (person)" is not intelligent, whereas "toughness" is related to physical strength in this context.
进一步了解…
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