Traduzione inglese <> italiano di Best wishes
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Traduzione e definizione
Best wishes (end of a letter): Cordiali saluti (fine di una lettera)
Esempi
- "Best wishes to Margaret and the children."
- "Best wishes Polly"
- "Best wishes Anonymous"
- "Best wishes Bruno"
- "Best wishes Miss Fiona Stake."
Esercizio 1
Polly concludes her email to the staff with the term "Sincerely".
How else could Polly conclude this email in a professional manner? There may be more than one correct answer! Choose all that apply!
How else could Polly conclude this email in a professional manner? There may be more than one correct answer! Choose all that apply!
Polly concludes her email to the staff with the term "Sincerely".
How else could Polly conclude this email in a professional manner? There may be more than one correct answer! Choose all that apply!
How else could Polly conclude this email in a professional manner? There may be more than one correct answer! Choose all that apply!
If you're chatting to somebody on the internet, or writing a text message, then you could write "C U soon" (to mean "I'll see you soon"). This has no place in a professional email, however.
"Best wishes" is an appropriate formula to conclude professional correspondence. It is slightly friendlier than "Regards", "Best regards" or "Sincerely", but is still polite and professional.
"Friendly" is an adjective which describes something or someone "amicable" or "genial". It isn't an appropriate way to conclude a letter or email, nor is the adverbial form "friendlily", which is very unnatural in letters. An alternative might be "amicably", which is also uncommon in written correspondence.
"Regards" or "best regards" are appropriate formulas to conclude professional correspondence. "Sincerely" and "regards" are essentially interchangeable in this context, and express a polite, somewhat formal tone.
This type of formula doesn't exist in English correspondence, no matter how formal. Even if we were writing to the Queen of England or the Pope of Chilitown (Rest in Peace), we would not include this type of phrase.
Esercizio 2
You want to accept Bob's invitation. Complete the following letter, choosing the most appropriate expressions.
Dear Bob,
I am to the of your baby daughter, and I would like to send my to you and your wife. I wish your child all the in the world.
your invitation, I would love to attend the baptism and I to seeing you on Thursday.
,
Bill (the tall guy with the beard, in Sales)
Dear Bob,
I am to the of your baby daughter, and I would like to send my to you and your wife. I wish your child all the in the world.
your invitation, I would love to attend the baptism and I to seeing you on Thursday.
,
Bill (the tall guy with the beard, in Sales)
You want to accept Bob's invitation. Complete the following letter, choosing the most appropriate expressions.
Dear Bob,
I am delighted 1 to hear about 2 the birth 3 of your baby daughter, and I would like to send my congratulations 4 to you and your lovely 5 wife. I wish your child all the health and happiness 6 in the world.
In reply to 7 your invitation, I would love to attend the baptism and I look forward 8 to seeing you on Thursday.
Best wishes 9,
Bill (the tall guy with the beard, in Sales)
Dear Bob,
I am delighted 1 to hear about 2 the birth 3 of your baby daughter, and I would like to send my congratulations 4 to you and your lovely 5 wife. I wish your child all the health and happiness 6 in the world.
In reply to 7 your invitation, I would love to attend the baptism and I look forward 8 to seeing you on Thursday.
Best wishes 9,
Bill (the tall guy with the beard, in Sales)
1 delighted: This is the best choice for an informal letter. "Delighted" means "enthralled", "very happy" or "greatly pleased": one can be "delighted" by any good news. Example: She was delighted when she saw her neighbour was a young, handsome man.
1 disgusted: This is not correct. To be "disgusted" is to be shocked or sickened. Example: "I am disgusted by your refusal to allow me two hours off work to attend my mother's funeral."
1 ravished: This is not correct. To be "ravished" is literally to be abducted with violence, or raped. Someone who is "ravishing" is very beautiful.
1 encountered: This is not correct. "To encounter" is a literary form of "to meet". "I was on my way to visit grandma when I encountered a large wolf."
2 hear about: This is correct. "To hear about (the news)" is to learn about it. Example: I heard about the assassination of JFK while staying in a Thai prison. This is a useful term to use when discovering new events.
2 listen to: This is not correct. "To listen to (the news)" is to make an active effort to hear it. When information is passed to us from another source without us necessarily seeking it, we have to use the verb "to hear". "Listening" is a voluntary activity; "hearing" is involuntary.
2 inherit: This verb cannot be used here. "To inherit (money)" is to obtain it from someone after their death.
2 perceive: This is not correct. "To perceive" is a formal way of saying "to become aware of", "to notice", "to understand".
3 birth: This is correct. Bob is writing his letter to announce the "birth" of his daughter, so it would make sense to refer to this event. A "birth" refers literally to the beginning of someone's life, and figuratively to the beginning of any event (the birth of an organisation, of a company). Example: My entire family was present at the birth of my son.
3 pregnancy: This is not correct. "Pregnancy" is the state of a woman awaiting the birth of her child. Bob's wife, Sophie, has had her pregnancy, and she is no longer pregnant.
3 anniversary: This is not correct. In English, "anniversaries" mark the dates of significant events, marriages, or deaths. The celebration of your birth is your birthday. "Tomorrow will be the sixth anniversary of my father's death."
3 couch: This is not correct. A "couch" or "sofa" is a long, soft chair, often with cushions, designed to be used by more than one person at once.
4 congratulations: This is correct. "Congratulations" is the standard expression when reacting to good news. To "send someone your congratulations" is to express your pleasure at their success.
4 welcome: This is not correct. "To welcome" is "to accept" or "to admit with enthusiasm". It is common to welcome a baby into the world, but not to send a baby a "welcome".
4 good luck: This is not correct. You wish someone "good luck" before an event; "congratulations" if the outcome is successful.
4 thoughts: This is not correct. "Congratulations" are for good news; "thoughts" are for bad news. The expression "my thoughts are with you" is commonly used to express sympathy at a tragic time. A "thought" is the process of thinking.
5 lovely: This is correct. "Lovely" is a lovely word used to describe things that are lovely. Lovely can mean beautiful, graceful, adorable, wonderful, agreeable... Calling Bob's wife "lovely" would be an appropriate thing to do.
5 sympathetic: This is not correct. In English, the term sympathetic can't be used to compliment the way someone looks or dresses or if they are "nice". The primary sense of the term in English is "understanding" or "compassionate", for example: My wife wasn't very sympathetic when my father died, and she wouldn't let me attend the funeral.
5 idiotic: This is not correct. "Idiotic" means "very stupid". Even if you felt Bob's wife merited such a description, you would hardly put it in a letter like this one.
5 pregnant: This is not correct. A "pregnant" woman is awaiting the birth of her child. Bob's wife has just given birth and is this no longer pregnant.
6 health and happiness: This is the best answer. To wish someone "(all the) health and happiness (in the world)" is a very nice thing to say, after all what more do parents want for their children? Apart from good looks, good grades, a good job, a rich spouse, etc.
6 war and peace : This is not correct. You may want to wish peace for the world, but wishing war on anyone is not very nice.
6 love and marriage: This is not correct. The baby is barely one week old. It shouldn't be thinking about romance yet!
6 diet and exercise: This is not correct. The baby is barely one week old. It probably doesn't need to lose weight.
7 In reply to: This is correct. "In reply to (your letter)" is commonly used at the start of a sentence to refer to a previous letter, and to state your response. Example: In reply to your job advertisement, please find enclosed my CV and cover letter.
7 In reference to: This is not correct. The expression "in reference to" is very formal, and appropriate only in a business letter. "In reference to your letter of June 21, our legal team denies all responsibility in the affair."
7 Please find enclosed: This is not correct. The expression "please find enclosed" is used to draw attention to an item, usually a cheque or a document, attached to a letter. "Please find enclosed a copy of my CV."
7 In addition to: This is not correct. The expression "in addition to" means "as well as". "I've had a tough week. In addition to my job, I've had to look after three five-year-old boys!"
8 look forward: This is correct. To "look forward to (doing something)" is to be excited and impatient about it or to anticipate it with pleasure. "I look forward to seeing you (on Saturday)" is a polite expression of anticipation.
8 wish: This is not correct. "I wish to SEE you" is correct, however this blank is followed by a verb in the gerund (seeing).
8 hope: This is not correct. "I hope to SEE you" is perfectly correct, however this blank is followed by a verb in the gerund (seeing).
8 hate: This is incorrect. To "hate (to do something)" is to detest doing it. The verb is never used to express "looking forward to" an event and can be followed by a verb in the full infinitive or directly by the gerund with little difference in meaning: to hate doing or to do something.
9 Best wishes: This is the best choice. We can close most non-business correspondence in this way. Other examples of closing a letter to friends and acquaintances: warm wishes/best regards/sincerely/with thanks.
9 May the force be with you: This is not correct. "Best wishes" is a standard way of closing non-business correspondence. "May the force be with you" might pass in an informal note between close friends who were Star Wars fanatics.
9 Get well soon: This is not correct. "Get well soon" is used to wish people who are ill a quick recovery, Bob does not say that he (or anyone else) is ill.
9 Tanks you: Ah, the tank. Massive weapon of destruction introduced in the first world war by the British during the battle of Cambrai. An effective killing machine for sure, but not the ideal word to end a letter.
Esercizio 3
Complete the letter below with the most appropriate words or phrases.
Cosmex Inc.
62 Pointon Drive
Little Rock
Arkansas, AR 72211
Subject: Demand for payment
,
Please consider this letter as a formal , following prolonged lack of action on your part. copies of our prior communication, as well as the unpaid invoices in question. I remind you that the owed by Cosmex Inc. to Delavigne Corporation one thousand, two hundred and thirteen dollars and eighty cents ($1213.80).
If the matter is not resolved within four business days, I may commence proceedings to the debt, without notice to you, and this letter may be tendered in as evidence of your failure to attempt settlement.
,
Philip Cheeter
Sales Director
Delavigne Corporation
Delavigne Corporation
Treasure Trove Towers, Suite 1401
9876 Nosegay Plaza
San Francisco, CA 94122
November 11th
Cosmex Inc.
62 Pointon Drive
Little Rock
Arkansas, AR 72211
Subject: Demand for payment
,
Please consider this letter as a formal , following prolonged lack of action on your part. copies of our prior communication, as well as the unpaid invoices in question. I remind you that the owed by Cosmex Inc. to Delavigne Corporation one thousand, two hundred and thirteen dollars and eighty cents ($1213.80).
If the matter is not resolved within four business days, I may commence proceedings to the debt, without notice to you, and this letter may be tendered in as evidence of your failure to attempt settlement.
,
Philip Cheeter
Sales Director
Delavigne Corporation
Complete the letter below with the most appropriate words or phrases.
Cosmex Inc.
62 Pointon Drive
Little Rock
Arkansas, AR 72211
Subject: Demand for payment
To whom it may concern 1,
Please consider this letter as a formal demand for payment 2, following prolonged lack of action on your part. Please find enclosed 3 copies of our prior communication, as well as the unpaid invoices in question. I remind you that the total balance 4 owed by Cosmex Inc. to Delavigne Corporation amounts to 5 one thousand, two hundred and thirteen dollars and eighty cents ($1213.80).
If the matter is not resolved within four business days, I may commence legal 6 proceedings to recover 7 the debt, without further 8 notice to you, and this letter may be tendered in court 9 as evidence of your failure to attempt settlement.
Yours faithfully 10,
Philip Cheeter
Sales Director
Delavigne Corporation
Delavigne Corporation
Treasure Trove Towers, Suite 1401
9876 Nosegay Plaza
San Francisco, CA 94122
November 11th
Cosmex Inc.
62 Pointon Drive
Little Rock
Arkansas, AR 72211
Subject: Demand for payment
To whom it may concern 1,
Please consider this letter as a formal demand for payment 2, following prolonged lack of action on your part. Please find enclosed 3 copies of our prior communication, as well as the unpaid invoices in question. I remind you that the total balance 4 owed by Cosmex Inc. to Delavigne Corporation amounts to 5 one thousand, two hundred and thirteen dollars and eighty cents ($1213.80).
If the matter is not resolved within four business days, I may commence legal 6 proceedings to recover 7 the debt, without further 8 notice to you, and this letter may be tendered in court 9 as evidence of your failure to attempt settlement.
Yours faithfully 10,
Philip Cheeter
Sales Director
Delavigne Corporation
1 To whom it may concern: This is the best choice here. This introduction is used in formal or official correspondence when we do not know the name or gender or even position of the person to whom we are writing.
1 Ladies and Gentlemen: This is inappropriate. The expression "ladies and gentlemen" is used when we are speaking out loud to a group of people in a formal context, most frequently at a public event. For example: "Ladies and gentlemen, please welcome to the stage...The Stolling Rones!". It should not be used in a written context.
1 Hello again: This is inappropriate. This address is used in spoken English, or very informal letters or emails. Philip's letter is very formal, so this is the wrong register. Secondly, the "again" in this phrase means that the writer has been in recent contact with the recipient. This is not the case here, as Philip writes: "following prolonged lack of action on your part".
1 Thanks for the email: This is inappropriate. This phrase is too informal for use in such a formal letter: the register is incorrect. Also, Philip's client has not recently sent him an email. We know this because Philip writes "following prolonged lack of action on your part". This means that the client has not contacted Philip for a long time.
2 demand for payment: This is the best choice here. A "demand for payment" is an official, formal written request that a sum of money be paid. This document can be produced in a court of law as evidence that someone has asked for payment.
2 order form: This is incorrect. An "order form" is a document used to place a request to purchase a certain product or service. This is not the purpose of Philip's letter. On the contrary, he wants to receive payment for an order which has already been delivered.
2 advertisement: This is incorrect. The term "advertisement" refers to a paid "notice" or "announcement" for publicity purposes, usually made by a company wishing to sell its products. There is no connection between this term and Philip's letter.
2 return receipt: This is incorrect. A "return receipt" is an official confirmation that a letter or package has been received. This is a way of sending a letter, and does not make sense in the context of this sentence.
3 Please find enclosed: This is the best choice here. The expression "please find enclosed" is used when sending a letter which includes other items (such as documents) in the same envelope. Example: Please find enclosed two copies of my birth certificate. For email attachments, we say "attached". Example: Please find attached a scanned copy of your contract.
3 In reference to: This is grammatically incorrect here. The sentence does not make sense if completed in this way. "In reference to (your request)" is used to call attention to a past event, item, or conversation. Example: In reference to our conversation last week, I want to tell you that the answer is "yes".
3 I give you: This is incorrect. The expression "I give you" is used when handing a physical object to somebody. It can also be used to introduce or present a person or idea, in a dramatic context. Example: "Ladies and gentlemen, I give you...The Peatles!". Neither of these contexts suits Philip's letter, so this expression is not appropriate.
3 As a result of: This is grammatically incorrect here. The sentence does not make sense if completed in this way. "As a result of" is used to introduce the cause or origin of an action.
4 total balance: This is correct. The "total balance" refers to an amount of money which remains, or still needs to be paid. In the context of the dialogue, it refers to the "rest" of the money owed to Delavigne.
4 liquid: This is incorrect. In finance, "liquid (assets)" are assets which can be easily "liquidated" or "turned into cash". In another, less specific, context, the term "liquid" describes a free-flowing substance. All elements on Earth are either "liquid", "gas", or "solid".
4 cash: This is incorrect. "Cash" is money in its solid form: coins or bank notes. Philip is not requesting that his clients pay him in "cash". They are far more likely to pay by cheque or bank transfer.
4 change: This is incorrect. "Change" is money that is returned when the sum given in payment is larger than the amount required, usually in a shop. In another context, it refers to coins of low denomination.
5 amounts to: This is the best choice here. "(The cost) amounts to (10 dollars)" is an expression used to describe the total cost of something (goods, services, etc.). It is the only choice here which makes sense in the context of this letter. Note that on its own, the term "amount" refers to a number or quantity. Example: "I require a large amount of sugar in my tea".
5 climbs to: The term "to climb" is rarely used to describe "cost". Using it here would be unnatural. Note that the verb can be used in a figurative sense to describe "rising" or "increasing" "prices", for example: "House prices have been climbing steadily for several years", "The stock climbed to $100 per share, and then split".
5 sums up: "Sum up" does not belong in this construction. The expression "to sum up" is often used in the figurative sense to describe the act of "summarising" or "giving a synopsis". For example: "Can you sum up the novel in two words or fewer?".
5 arises to: The term "to arise" is never used to describe "cost". Using it here would be unnatural. "Arise" can mean to "stand up" or "lift oneself up", but the term "rise" is more common in modern English.
6 legal: This is the best choice here. The adjective "legal" refers to "the law". For example, we talk of "legal cases", and describe something as "legal" when it is permitted by the law. This describes the type of "action" which Delavigne Corporation will take if they do not receive payment.
6 law: This is incorrect. "Law" is a noun, which is grammatically incorrect in this sentence. We need to use an adjective here, and "legal" is the adjective derived from the term "law".
6 lawyer: This is incorrect. A "lawyer" is a professional who defends clients' interests in legal issues, or in court. It is grammatically incorrect to refer to a person in this sentence. Note that a "lawyer" can also be called an "attorney" in the US, and a "solicitor" in the UK.
6 lawful: This is incorrect. The term "lawful" refers to an act which is "allowed" or "permitted" by the law. Example: "He doesn't really enjoy lawful activities". However, when we refer to a court process of the kind suggested by Philip, the expression we use is "legal action".
7 recover: "Recover" is the best choice here. In this context, the term means "to get back" or "to recuperate" the sum of money owed to the Delavigne Corporation. The verb "to recover" is often associated with a "debt", and expresses the sense of collecting money which is owed.
7 cancel: Although a debt can be "cancelled", it doesn't make sense for Philip to suggest that he will "cancel" (or "nullify") the debt owed to the Delavigne Corporation. The purpose of this letter is to "recover" or "get back" the money owed to the company.
7 sue: This is incorrect. "To sue (a person or a company)" is to take legal action against them, most often in the form of a "lawsuit". Although Philip is suggesting that the company may take legal action against the debtor, it doesn't make sense to use the term "sue" in this construction. "I may commence legal proceedings to sue the debt" makes no sense: a debt cannot be "sued".
7 pay: Philip is not suggesting that he or his company will pay any debt. The purpose of this letter is to "recover" or "get back" the money owed to the company.
8 further: This is correct. The term "further" in this context shares a similar meaning with "more" or "additional".
8 plus: This is incorrect. The term "plus" cannot be used as an adjective in this context. In different contexts, the term "plus" can be used in the following ways: "two plus two equals four", "I like cheese, plus I like biscuits", "The new buses are a great plus for the town".
8 continued: This is incorrect. The adjective "continued" describes something which happens "repeatedly", "often", or "regularly". This does not make sense in the context of the sentence.
8 farther: This is incorrect. The term "farther" is used to describe something which is "more far (away)" or "more distant". The term "farther" can only be used to refer to the physical distance of one object from another, and so it is not appropriate here.
9 court: This is correct. A "court" is a place where justice is carried out, usually in the presence of a judge.
9 justice: This is incorrect. The term "justice" refers to moral "fairness" or "legality". It is not appropriate to use an abstract noun in this context. Example: "Justice was served, and I was released from prison".
9 trial: This is incorrect. A "trial" is a process or event which takes place in a court, often to determine if a person is innocent or guilty or to settle a financial conflict. A trial can last from a few minutes to several years. Example: "Michael's trial attracted a lot of attention".
9 proof: This is incorrect. "Proof" shares a similar meaning with "evidence", and does not make sense in this context. Example: "We need proof before we can arrest the suspected murderer".
10 Yours faithfully: This is the best choice here. This expression is used to conclude a formal letter or email, usually to a person who we do not know. Philip's letter fits both of these criteria, so this is the appropriate ending.
10 Ever yours: This is inappropriate. The expression "ever yours" is an "old-fashioned" or "out-dated" way of ending a romantic letter to a lover. Philip is not his client's lover, so this expression is inappropriate in this context.
10 Best wishes: This is incorrect. The expression "best wishes" is used to conclude informal letters or emails to family or friends. Philip's letter is too formal in tone for this expression to be appropriate.
10 Goodbye: This is incorrect. The term "goodbye" is generally used in spoken English. It can, however, also be used to conclude informal letters or emails to family or friends. Philip's letter is too formal in tone for this expression to be appropriate.
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