Outros usos do auxiliar WOULD em inglês
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Outros usos do auxiliar WOULD
Would não só expressa condição, mas também pode expressar:
• vontade, aceitação (contexto passado):
• vontade, aceitação (contexto passado):
We warned Philip, but he wouldn't listen to us. Nós prevenimos o Philip, mas ele não queria nos escutar.
The test monkeys wouldn't wear certain perfumes. Os macacos do laboratório não queriam experimentar certos perfumes.
• desejo, preferência; seguido do verbo to wish:
I wish my husband would cook once in a while. Eu desejaria que meu esposo cozinhasse de vez em quando.
I wish this new product would be successful. Eu desejaria que este novo produto tivesse sucesso.
• uma ação no passado, com ênfase na repetição ou na obstinação:
My father would always take me to the zoo. Meu pai sempre me levava ao zoológico.
(=used to take me to... )
(=used to take me to... )
Every time Bruno left the Montmartre shop, Stink would follow him. Cada vez que Bruno saía da loja de Montmartre, Stink o seguia.
Exercício 1
I appreciate it if you not smoke on the bus.
I would 1 appreciate it if you would 2 not smoke on the bus.
1 would: 'Would' can be used to express the idea of willingness or wish. We use it to form the conditional tense. This sentence expresses the speaker's wish that someone not smoke on the bus.
1 should: 'Should' expresses the notion of duty or obligation. It does not make sense here. Note: 'Should' is occasionally used to express a similar idea to 'would' as it is used in this sentence. For example, 'I should hope so!'. This is a rare construction, and is no longer very current.
1 could: 'Could' has many uses in English. It can ask a polite question, describe ability in the past (past tense of 'can'), indicate a possibility and introduce the conditional present tense. Using 'could' here, though grammatically correct, doesn't make any sense.
2 would: 'Would' can be used to express a conditional desire. Note: It is acceptable as well to write or say 'I would appreciate it if you did not smoke on the bus' which expresses the same idea as 'I would appreciate it if you would not smoke on the bus.'
2 should: 'Should' expresses the notion of duty or obligation. It does not make sense here.
2 had: The auxiliary 'had' must be followed by the past participle of a verb when used to form a perfect tense. We might say 'I wish you had smoked before you got into my car'.
Exercício 2
When he was a child, Horatio was a very curious boy. Sometimes he walk off into the jungle by himself. His family spent hours trying to find him. He have been dead for all they knew! But then the young boy returned home, after having killed a jaguar. "You go into the jungle alone", his mother say.
When he was a child, Horatio was a very curious boy. Sometimes he would 1 walk off into the jungle by himself. His family spent hours trying to find him. He could 2 have been dead for all they knew! But then the young boy returned home, after having killed a jaguar. "You shouldn't 3 go into the jungle alone", his mother would 4 say.
1 would: This is the best choice here. We often use 'would' to express habitual past action. 'He would wander off' is synonymous with 'He wandered off' or 'He used to wander off', but using 'would' makes the habitual action more clear. Example: When I was young I would play football every day.
1 could: Although it is grammatically correct, 'could' does not make sense in this construction. Using 'could' here refers to Horatio's ability or capacity to 'walk around', while this sentence describes a habitual past action.
1 should: Although it is grammatically correct, 'should' does not make sense here. 'Should' is generally used to express suggestion or obligation.
1 can: Because we are speaking about the past, 'can' is grammatically incorrect.
2 could: This is the best choice here. We use 'could' to express the possibility (conditional) that young Horatio is dead. Example: She could have been hurt in the accident, but she survived without any injuries.
2 would: 'Would' is incorrect here. 'He would have been dead' is a conditional statement that requires a second determining clause. For example: 'He would have been dead, if his family had not saved him'.
2 should: 'He should have been dead' indicates that Horatio's family wants him to be dead, and this does not make sense in the context.
2 can: Because we are speaking about the past, 'can' is grammatically incorrect.
3 shouldn't: This is the best choice here. Horatio's mother is telling Horatio not to travel alone. 'Shouldn't' best expresses a suggestion against doing something. Example: You shouldn't go in the forest on your own, Goldilocks.
3 wouldn't: Although 'wouldn't' is grammatically correct, it is incomplete. For the construction to make sense, we would say: 'You wouldn't go into the jungle alone, would you?'.
3 couldn't: Although 'couldn't' is grammatically correct, it does not make sense here. It is obvious that Horatio has gone into the jungle alone, so it doesn't make sense to say that he 'cannot' do it.
4 would: This is the best choice here. We often use 'would' to express habitual past action. 'She would say' is synonymous with 'She said' or 'She used to say', but using 'would' makes the habitual action more clear. In this way, we feel that Horatio's mother had to warn him many times. Example: My father would always tell us not to damage his flowers.
4 should: Although it is grammatically correct, 'should' does not make sense here. 'Should' is usually used to express suggestion.
4 could: Although it is grammatically correct, 'could' does not make much sense here. Because we are talking about habitual past action, it doesn't make sense to say that Horatio's mother 'could' do something, which expresses a conditional, future action.
4 can: Because we are speaking about the past, 'can' is grammatically incorrect.
Exercício 3
Bruno: Well, I thought Horatio be here by now, but I guess I'm wrong.
Harold: No problem, Delavigne. I we should get started.
Harold: No problem, Delavigne. I we should get started.
Bruno: Well, I thought Horatio would 1 be here by now, but I guess I'm wrong.
Harold: No problem, Delavigne. I think 2 we should get started.
Harold: No problem, Delavigne. I think 2 we should get started.
1 would: This is the best choice here. Because the main verb is in the preterit tense (thought), we use 'would' to express the conditional here. We know that we need the conditional because the verb directly after the blank is in the infinitive (be). This tells us not to use the preterit again. Example: I hoped you would come.
1 will: 'Will' is the auxiliary used to express the future. It is incorrect here because the main verb is already in the preterit tense.
1 is: 'Is' is conjugated in the present tense. We cannot use it here because the main verb is already in the preterit tense, and because 'is be' is grammatically incorrect.
1 had: Although 'had' is conjugated in the preterit like the main verb, we cannot use it here because 'had be' is grammatically incorrect. We could say, however: 'I thought Horatio 'would have been' here by now'.
2 think: This is the best choice here. Because the second part of the sentence (we should get started) carries a sense of future in the present, we must use the present tense 'think' as the main verb. Example: I think we should see your mother.
2 thinks: 'Thinks' is the third-person singular conjugation of the verb 'to think' in the present simple tense. It is incorrect to use it with the subject 'I'.
2 thought: Because the action 'should get started' is in the present tense, we cannot use the preterit 'thought' here.
2 had thought: Because the action 'should get started' is in the present tense, we cannot use the past perfect 'had thought' here.
Exercício 4
Use the following words to fill in the blanks with the most appropriate terms. Words may be used more than once:
should | would | could
I don't think you tell your boss that you are interviewing at a different company. It not be a smart move.
When she was young, she dream of marrying Leonardo DiCaprio aboard the Titanic.
should | would | could
I don't think you tell your boss that you are interviewing at a different company. It not be a smart move.
When she was young, she dream of marrying Leonardo DiCaprio aboard the Titanic.
Use the following words to fill in the blanks with the most appropriate terms. Words may be used more than once:
should | would | could
I don't think you should 1 tell your boss that you are interviewing at a different company. It would 2 not be a smart move.
When she was young, she would 3 dream of marrying Leonardo DiCaprio aboard the Titanic.
should | would | could
I don't think you should 1 tell your boss that you are interviewing at a different company. It would 2 not be a smart move.
When she was young, she would 3 dream of marrying Leonardo DiCaprio aboard the Titanic.
1 should: '(You) should (not)' expresses warning or advice. The speaker is expressing that it is not a good idea for his friend to tell his boss about his interviews.
2 would: In this sentence, 'would' is used to form the conditional tense. The speaker is suggesting that telling the boss that you are interviewing elsewhere is potentially a bad idea. The conditional is needed because of this situation.
3 would: In this sentence, 'would' is used to describe a regular or continued action in the past. 'She would dream...' suggests that this person dreamed regularly of marrying Leonardo DiCaprio. Another example: As a student, I would eat at Ramen to save money.
Exercício 5
Hannah’s cat Jiffy was being stubborn again. She tried to tempt him off the roof with a bowl of food, but he pay any attention. “I wish he look at me!”, she thought. “I miss those days when he was a kitten, and he spent his time sleeping on my knee.”
Hannah’s cat Jiffy was being stubborn again. She tried to tempt him off the roof with a bowl of food, but he wouldn't 1 pay any attention. “I wish he would 2 look at me!”, she thought. “I miss those days when he was a kitten, and he mostly 3 spent his time sleeping on my knee.”
1 wouldn't: Using "would" (or "wouldn't") in this kind of past-tense context means that the cat refused to pay attention to Hannah, or chose not to pay attention to her. A similar example: "I explained Philip's mistake to him, but he wouldn't admit that he was wrong".
1 shouldn't: "Shouldn't" is generally used in present-tense sentences, not past-tense sentences. More importantly, "shouldn't" introduces an action which is immoral or a bad idea, which is not the case here. For example: "You shouldn't tell your son to stop crying. It's important that he knows how to express emotion".
1 hadn't: The past perfect tense is formed using "had" (or "hadn't") followed by the past participle of the verb. The past participle of "to pay" is "paid", not "pay". An example: "Jean gasped. He hadn't seen such a large burrito ever before".
2 would: We use "would" as an auxiliary verb after "to wish" to refer to what we want someone else to do. For example: "I wish you would speak up more in meetings. You have such good ideas!".
2 did: We don't generally use the verb "did" after "to wish". "Did" is used to ask questions about the past ("Did she say yes?") or to emphasize that something was the case after a previous negative statement ("-You didn't warn me that you would be naked. -Yes I did!").
2 should: We don't use "should" after the verb "to wish". "Should" expresses obligation, for example: "You should speak more politely to our clients!".
3 mostly: "He mostly spent his time sleeping" means "He spent the majority of his time sleeping". Another example: "-What did you do while on vacation? -I mostly sunbathed on the beach" (I spent the majority of the time sunbathing on the beach).
3 would: We can use "would" to refer to a repeated past action, but it must be followed by an infinitive without "to" (like "spend"), not a past participle (like "spent"). For example: "When Rover was a puppy, he would lick my face every morning to wake me up".
3 used to: We can use "used to" to refer to a repeated past action, but it must be followed by an infinitive without "to" (like "spend"), not a past participle (like "spent"). For example: "When Rover was a puppy, he used to lick my face every morning to wake me up".
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