指示代词 this 和 that

理解语法是理解一门语言的关键。
英语语法小贴士尽在Gymglish在线英语课程。

测试你的英语 免费试用, 无购买义务
在 App Store、Play Store 和 Trustpilot 上排名 4,7 超过8,000,000名全球用户。

指示代词 this 和 that

英语中有两个主要的指示代词：

  • 用 this（单数，这个） 和 these（复数，这些） 指代空间或时间上较近的事物。

这本书很有趣（= 我旁边的这本书）。

这些书很有趣。

这是我的朋友。

这些是我的朋友们。

  • 我们用 that（单数） 和 those（复数） 指代较远的事物。

那件外套很贵。

那些大衣很贵。

那是我的表亲。

那些是我的表亲们。

练习 1

This, that or these? Select the correct option for each of the three images.

beer.

beer.

beers.

This, that or these? Select the correct option for each of the three images.

This 1 beer.

That 2 beer.

These 3 beers.

1 This:

This beer. We use this to refer to something close to us. Examples: this bottle here; this glass in front of me.

1 That:

We use that to refer to something not close to us. Examples: that pub over there.

1 These:

We could use these to refer to beers (plural) that are close to us, but not just one beer as here. Examples: these bottles; these glasses.

2 That:

That beer. We use that to refer to something not close to us. Example: that waiter over there.

2 This:

We use this to refer to something close to us. Example: this table right here.

2 These:

We could use these to refer to beers (plural) that are close to us, but not to one beer that isn't close, as here. Examples: these bottles; these glasses.

3 These :

These beers. We use these to refer to things (plural) that are close to us. Examples: these olives here; these crisps I am eating.

3 That:

We use that to refer to something (singular) not close to us, but here there is more than one beer and they are close. Examples: that notice on the wall; that aeroplane.

3 This:

We do use this to refer something close to us, but not when there is more than one, as here (beers). Examples: this menu; this dish.

练习 2

This, these or those? Select the correct option in each case, thinking about whether the donkeys are singular or plural, near or far.

donkey loves me.

donkeys love me.

donkeys love me.

This, these or those? Select the correct option in each case, thinking about whether the donkeys are singular or plural, near or far.

This 1 donkey loves me.

These 2 donkeys love me.

Those 3 donkeys love me.

1 This:

This donkey loves me. We use this to refer to something close to us. Example: this dog belongs to me.

1 These:

We do use these to refer to things close to us like this, but only when they are plural. Example: these beers are expensive. 

1 Those:

We use those to refer to (plural) things not close to us, but here there is only one donkey and it is close. Example: those dancers are amazing.

2 These:

These donkeys love me. We use these to refer to things (donkeys = plural) that are close to us. Example: these guests have just arrived.

2 Those:

We do use those to plural things like the donkeys here, but only when they are not close. Examples: those shoes are ridiculous.

2 This:

We could say this donkey loves me (singular), but here we have a plural (donkeys). 

3 Those:

Those donkeys love me. We use those to refer to things (donkeys = plural) that are not close to us. 

3 These:

We could say These donkeys love me if they were close to us, but here they are not.

3 This:

We use this to refer to a singular thing close to us, but here there are three donkeys and they are not close. Examples: this guest will never come back!

练习 3

Select the singular or plural equivalent of each underlined word.

(singular) This is my dog. → (plural) are my dogs.

(singular) is my cat. → (plural) Those are my cats.

Select the singular or plural equivalent of each underlined word.

(singular) This is my dog. → (plural) These 1 are my dogs.

(singular) That 2 is my cat. → (plural) Those are my cats.

1 These:

This is my dog. → These are my dogs, with the plural these to point out things that are close to us. Example: these shoes are so comfortable!

1 Those:

Those are my dogs is the plural of That is my dog and not of this is my dog.

1 Them:

We use them to replace a plural noun like dogs, but we don't use it to point things out. Example: These are my dogs. I love them.

2 That:

That is my cat → Those are my cats, to point out something further away. Example: Is that man wearing a wig?

2 This:

This is my cat is the singular of These are my cats and not of Those are my cats. 

2 It:

We could say It is my cat if someone asked us, for example, what was making the strange noise, but not to point our cat out. Example: -What's that around your neck? -It is my cat.

让您的学习更上一层楼

仍然觉得“指示代词 this 和 that”有困难？用Gymglish提升英语水平——立即试用我们的免费英语课程并接受免费水平评估吧！

免费试用

他们的意见 :

乐趣

         

我喜欢在线做我的语言课程。每天大约10分钟就够了... 谢谢!

创新

         

我喜欢你的创新方法，在玩乐中学习语言!

独特

         

你的方法很独特! 你们的课程帮助我在海外交流期间取得了进步和自信...

进步

         

Gymglish让我提高口语和书面表达能力的机会。 我绝对不会错过的课！

更多推荐信。

您有什么避免在“指示代词 this 和 that”上犯错的小贴士吗？那就分享给我们吧！

了解其他语法规则。进一步提高英语水平并试用Gymglish在线英语课程。