To fall

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定义

the fall (of an empire): 衰落，崩溃（一个帝国的） noun
不要混淆fall（季节），这是美国人对"autumn"的叫法
to fall (down, off, out of a tree): 下降，掉落（从树上） verb

This is an irregular verb:
I fall / I fell / I have fallen
fall (season) (US): 秋天（季节） noun

UK: Our company's sales have fallen this year.
US: I fell from a tree last fall. It hurt a lot.

示例

  • "I like to send people a stream - or should I say glacier - of passive-aggressive emails until the person becomes numb and confused and eventually falls into a frozen lake."
  • "Fall 2: I dented my "lucky" nickel coin."
  • "A ball hits you and falls to the floor;"
  • "Ask about Sheik Jafar's outlook for fall quarter"
  • "We had a fabulous time, just up to the point when Marilyn (Icarus's mum) fell in the lake trying to catch my frisbee."
  • "Brian : You're like an angel who came to Earth, and from heaven you fell."
  • "Why did the elephant fall out the tree?"
  • "Fall 3: My titanium cell phone asked me if I wanted to "unlock the keypad" - but no damage."
  • "I'm here to begin my fall internship."
  • "Click on the link below and stay tuned to hear the success story of elderly fall victim, Thelma Fudd."
  • "But then all of a sudden I stumbled and fell, hurting my ankle."
  • "According to one recent study, foot traffic at retail stores fell from January to August."
  • "I've been here for the last few months supervising the final touches to the property, and the fall is the perfect time to visit."
  • "Brian : For example, if I say it's wet and falls from the sky you say..."
  • "Why did the monkey fall out of the tree?"
  • "I was sitting innocently at my desk, daydreaming about my statue, when suddenly and inexplicably I fell out of my chair and onto the floor."
  • "Edward : You're like an angel who came to earth, and from heaven you fell... Ooh, that's a nice line Brian."
  • "Moira : Brent, did you know that Huan Huan I was a gift from the Chinese government to the United States to celebrate the fall of the Soviet empire?"
练习 1
Susie says, 'Shmike's stock dropped 44% despite a booming stock market.'
Another way to say this is: Shmike's stock despite stock market.
Susie says, 'Shmike's stock dropped 44% despite a booming stock market.'
Another way to say this is: Shmike's stock fell 1 despite a bullish 2 stock market.
1 fell: When Susie says that Shmike's stock 'dropped', she means that Shmike's stock has 'lost value', or 'fell' by 44%. 'Fell' is the simple past tense form of the verb 'to fall'. It means 'to descend', 'to go down' or 'to decrease' in this context, and shares a similar meaning with the verb 'to drop'.
1 rose: 'Rose' is the simple past tense form of the verb 'to rise', which means 'to increase' or 'ascend'. This is actually the opposite of what Susie is expressing in this dialogue. She is not saying that the value of Shmike's stock 'increased' in value, but rather that it decreased in value.
1 split: Th Companies 'split' their stock when they believe the price of their stock exceeds the amount investors are willing to pay. By reducing the price of the stock, companies try to make their stock more affordable to these investors. 'To split a stock' is a financial idiom with very specific connotations: this is not what Susie is indicating when she says that Shmike's stock 'dropped'.
1 went public: This is not the best choice. If a company's stock 'goes public', their shares are sold on the open market (as opposed to being controlled exclusively by private investors and shareholders). This is not what Susie is indicating when she says that Shmike's stock 'dropped'.
2 a bullish: A 'bullish' or 'bull' market is the term used to describe a strong, growing stock market or economy. A 'booming' stock market is 'growing' or 'rising', and expresses a meaning very similar to the term 'bullish'. In another context, 'bullish' can express both a 'bull-like' physique, or a positive or optimistic attitude, as in the sentence 'Bruno is bullish on the business opportunities in Asia'. A 'bull' is the adult male cow.
2 a combustible: A 'booming' market is not a 'combustible' market.
2 a bearish: 'Bearish' is the term used to describe a 'weak' or 'struggling' stock market or economy. A 'booming' stock market is growing. 'Bearish' and 'booming' actually express opposite meanings. A bear is a type of omnivorous mammal of the family Ursidae.
2 an unstable: An 'unstable market' is one which is fluctuating or unstable. When Susie refers to a 'booming' stock market, she is not referring to an 'up and down' or 'unstable' market.
练习 2
Select the TRUE statements from the list below.

There may be more than one correct answer!
Select the TRUE statements from the list below.

There may be more than one correct answer!
This is a true statement. Bruno explains that the past quarter has not been as "profitable as expected". In addition, Ira mentions that today Delavigne stock has "dropped 5.67 points", which means it has gone down by 5.67 points.
This is a false statement. The weather is not mentioned in this dialogue. Bruno does mention a "forecast", but it is a financial "forecast", or prediction - not a "weather forecast"!
This is a false statement. While share prices have gone down over the past quarter, there is no indication in the dialogue that "profits" have declined over the whole year. At no point in this dialogue are profits discussed. A "steady decline" refers to a continuous reduction, or downward trend.
This statement is correct. Ira says that Bruno "predicted growth of nearly 3 percent over last year's second quarter earnings", and that "since those figures were published this morning, (Delavigne Corp's) stock has already dropped 5.67 points". Ira clearly believes that Bruno's original financial predictions for Delavigne Corp were inaccurate. In this context, "to predict growth" is to state that financial results will get better.
练习 3
Complete a summary of the article that you have just read using the most appropriate terms from the text.

This term is synonymous with "pessimistic", "dark", or "unpromising":
The outlook for sales during the Christmas period in the retail sector is according to most analysts.

This term is synonymous with "recession" or "decline":
There is an economic which is affecting consumer spending.

This term is synonymous with "price reductions" and "deductions":
To encourage spending, some retailers are offering big on a wide range of items.
Complete a summary of the article that you have just read using the most appropriate terms from the text.

This term is synonymous with "pessimistic", "dark", or "unpromising":
The outlook for sales during the Christmas period in the retail sector is gloomy 1 according to most analysts.

This term is synonymous with "recession" or "decline":
There is an economic downturn 2 which is affecting consumer spending.

This term is synonymous with "price reductions" and "deductions":
To encourage spending, some retailers are offering big discounts 3 on a wide range of items.
1 gloomy: "Gloomy" means "unpromising", "grim", or "hopeless". It is frequently used in weather bulletins and economic predictions: "The forecast for the weekend is gloomy." "Gloomy" can be used to describe physical conditions which are "dark": Our hotel room was so gloomy, it didn't have any windows. In this context, "outlook" means the prospect for the future. "The outlook for peace in the Middle East is strongly negative."
2 downturn: This is correct. An "economic downturn" refers to a decline in economic activity, or a recession. On its own, a "downturn" is synonymous with a "decline". Example: "The war in that country caused a rise in cocoa prices, and a sharp downturn in the value of my shares in the chocolate industry."
3 discounts: This is correct. A "discount" is a price reduction, generally offered in an attempt to increase retail turnover. Example: "We can even offer discounts on this language program."
练习 4
Select the TRUE statement(s) from the list below, according to the text.

There may be more than one correct answer!
Select the TRUE statement(s) from the list below, according to the text.

There may be more than one correct answer!
This statement is false. Icarus's mother has already seen the doctor, and has "ordered her to rest in bed".
This is a true statement. Icarus writes that he has to "look after" his mother for a few days, and that he is "attending to" her at home. The terms "to attend to (someone)", "to look after (someone)", and "to take care (of someone)" mean "to be responsible for" someone or to ensure that they are in a good condition.
This statement is false. There is no suggestion that Icarus's mother is in hospital. Icarus writes that the doctor has ordered his mother "to rest in bed".
This is a true statement. Icarus writes that his "elderly mother slipped in a puddle of apple juice in the local supermarket". "To slip" is to lose balance and slide, especially after walking on water, ice or a banana. Icarus says that his mother "injured her hip" which means that she hurt her side in the fall. "To fall (over)" is to drop suddenly to the ground.
This is a true statement. Icarus writes that he "won't be able to come in to work today" and that he "will be working on those financial projections Bruno asked for, at home". Both sentences imply that Icarus is working at home.
练习 5
Fill in the blanks with terms from the article. Use the hints to help you!

This term is synonymous with "pessimistic", "dark", or "unpromising": "The outlook for sales during the Christmas period in the retail sector is according to most analysts."

This term is synonymous with "recession" or "decline": "There is an economic which is affecting consumer spending."

This term is synonymous with "price reductions" and "deductions": "To encourage spending, some retailers are offering big on a wide range of items."
Fill in the blanks with terms from the article. Use the hints to help you!

This term is synonymous with "pessimistic", "dark", or "unpromising": "The outlook for sales during the Christmas period in the retail sector is gloomy 1 according to most analysts."

This term is synonymous with "recession" or "decline": "There is an economic downturn 2 which is affecting consumer spending."

This term is synonymous with "price reductions" and "deductions": "To encourage spending, some retailers are offering big discounts 3 on a wide range of items."
1 gloomy: "Gloomy" means "unpromising", "grim", or "hopeless". It is frequently used in weather bulletins and economic predictions: "The forecast for the weekend is gloomy." "Gloomy" can be used to describe physical conditions which are "dark": Our hotel room was so gloomy, it didn't have any windows. In this context, "outlook" means the prospect for the future. "The outlook for peace in the Middle East is strongly negative."
2 downturn: This is correct. An "economic downturn" refers to a decline in economic activity, or a recession. On its own, a "downturn" is synonymous with a "decline". Example: "The war in that country caused a rise in cocoa prices, and a sharp downturn in the value of my shares in the chocolate industry."
3 discounts: This is correct. A "discount" is a price reduction, generally offered in an attempt to increase retail turnover. Example: "We can even offer discounts on this language program."

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