Le s à la 3e personne du singulier en anglais : grammaire anglaise / définition
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Le s à la 3e personne du singulier
Au présent, les verbes ordinaires se conjuguent avec un s à la 3e personne du singulier :
| I want | We want |
| You want | You want |
| He/She/It wants | They want |
I always wear blue jeans, and my sister always wears skirts. Je porte toujours des jeans, et ma sœur porte toujours des jupes.
Les verbes qui se terminent par des sons en 'ss' ou 'ch' prennent alors la terminaison 'es' :
Luna washes her hair with a special herbal shampoo. Luna se lave les cheveux avec un shampoing spécial aux herbes. (to wash)
The priest blesses his wine. Le prêtre bénit son vin. (to bless)
Susie relaxes every day after lunch. Susie se repose tous les jours après déjeuner. (to relax)
Pour les verbes qui se terminent par une consonne suivie d'un -y, on remplace le -y par -ies.
My brother studies history. Mon frère étudie l'histoire. (to study > studies)
I hope my son marries someone rich. J'espère que mon fils se mariera avec quelqu'un de riche. (to marry > marries)
I don't care what she says, I'm eating this cake. Je me fiche de ce qu'elle dit, je vais le manger, ce gâteau. (to say se termine par une voyelle suivi d'un -y, donc on ajoute simplement un -s : says)
Remarques :
• Les auxiliaires be, have et do, ainsi que le verbe go, sont irréguliers et se conjuguent de la sorte :
| I am / am not | He is / isn't |
| I have / haven't | She has / hasn't |
| I do / don't | He does / doesn't |
| I go | She goes |
• Les autres auxiliaires, dits auxiliaires de modalité (will, must, may, would...) ne connaissent qu'une seule forme et ne prennent donc pas de s à la troisième personne du singulier :
She must come. Elle doit venir.
He should be here by now. Il devrait être ici à présent.
Exercice 1
Icarus the numbers three times every evening.
Icarus verifies the numbers three times every evening.
verifies: The third person form of the verb 'to verify' is 'verifies'. The simple present tense is used to describe regular or habitual actions. 'Every morning' indicates that Icarus verifies the numbers 'regularly'.
verify: In the present tense, the third person form of the verb requires an 's' at the end.
verification: 'Verification' is a noun. We must use a verb in this sentence.
very fine: It doesn't make any sense to use this answer, but good try anyway!
Exercice 2
Fill in the blanks below with the correct form of the verb.
Tomorrow, Dr. von Headcold must an emergency appendectomy on a very sick little girl. Afterwards she will Bruno for his monthly check up, in order to monitor the state of his Anosmia. Dr. von Headcold really her job.
Tomorrow, Dr. von Headcold must an emergency appendectomy on a very sick little girl. Afterwards she will Bruno for his monthly check up, in order to monitor the state of his Anosmia. Dr. von Headcold really her job.
Fill in the blanks below with the correct form of the verb.
Tomorrow, Dr. von Headcold must [not done] perform 1 an emergency appendectomy on a very sick little girl. Afterwards she will [not done] meet 2 Bruno for his monthly check up, in order to monitor the state of his Anosmia. Dr. von Headcold really [not done] loves 3 her job.
Tomorrow, Dr. von Headcold must [not done] perform 1 an emergency appendectomy on a very sick little girl. Afterwards she will [not done] meet 2 Bruno for his monthly check up, in order to monitor the state of his Anosmia. Dr. von Headcold really [not done] loves 3 her job.
1 perform: In the simple present tense, when a verb directly follows a modal auxiliary (would, could, should etc), we must put it in the infinitive form (without 'to').
2 meet: To create the simple future tense, we take the auxiliary 'will' and follow it with the infinitive form of the main verb, in this case 'meet'. We use the infinitive form of the verb without 'to' in these cases. Note: the future progressive tense can also be used here: Dr. von Headcold WILL BE MEETING with Bruno.
3 loves: The third person form of the verb 'to love' is loves. The simple present tense can be used to describe a general feeling or opinion, such as the fact that Dr. von Headcold loves his job.
Exercice 3
Choose the appropriate forms of the verb 'to go' to complete the sentence!
Kevin to the gym every day to help build his muscles, but Polly says it isn't to work because the gym is so expensive, and Kevin is so cheap.
Kevin to the gym every day to help build his muscles, but Polly says it isn't to work because the gym is so expensive, and Kevin is so cheap.
Choose the appropriate forms of the verb 'to go' to complete the sentence!
Kevin goes 1 to the gym every day to help build his muscles, but Polly says it isn't going 2 to work because the gym is so expensive, and Kevin is so cheap.
Kevin goes 1 to the gym every day to help build his muscles, but Polly says it isn't going 2 to work because the gym is so expensive, and Kevin is so cheap.
1 goes: The third person singular form of the verb 'to go' is 'goes'.
1 go: 'Go' is incorrect because the subject is in the third person singular.
2 going: 'Is going to' is a construction used to express the future tense. This is the best choice here.
2 goes: 'Goes' is incorrect here because 'it isn't' needs to be followed by a verb ending in 'ing'.
Exercice 4
Conjugate the verbs in the blanks into the present simple tense:
Bob late for work today. He has to rush to make it on time. He a shower, Sophie and out the door. Whoosh! Hopefully Bruno won't be too upset with him. Maybe he'll stop and buy some flowers.
Bob late for work today. He has to rush to make it on time. He a shower, Sophie and out the door. Whoosh! Hopefully Bruno won't be too upset with him. Maybe he'll stop and buy some flowers.
Conjugate the verbs in the blanks into the present simple tense:
Bob [not done] is 1 late for work today. He has to rush to make it on time. He [not done] takes 2 a shower, [not done] kisses 3 Sophie and [not done] hurries 4 out the door. Whoosh! Hopefully Bruno won't be too upset with him. Maybe he'll stop and buy some flowers.
Bob [not done] is 1 late for work today. He has to rush to make it on time. He [not done] takes 2 a shower, [not done] kisses 3 Sophie and [not done] hurries 4 out the door. Whoosh! Hopefully Bruno won't be too upset with him. Maybe he'll stop and buy some flowers.
1 is: This is the best choice here. 'Is' is the present tense conjugation of the verb 'to be' in the third-person singular (he).
2 takes: This is the best choice here. 'Takes' is the present tense conjugation of the verb 'to take' in the third-person singular (he).
3 kisses: 'Kisses' is the present tense conjugation of the verb 'to kiss' in the third-person singular (he).
4 hurries: This is the best choice here. 'Hurries' is the present tense conjugation of the verb 'to hurry' in the third-person singular (he).
Exercice 5
Fill in the blanks below with the correct form of the verb in the present tense
1. Luna a car, but she usually her bike to work because it's better for the environment.
2. Horatio a parrot, but he his monkeys as companions, because they remind him of little furry people.
1. Luna a car, but she usually her bike to work because it's better for the environment.
2. Horatio a parrot, but he his monkeys as companions, because they remind him of little furry people.
Fill in the blanks below with the correct form of the verb in the present tense
1. Luna [not done] has 1 a car, but she usually [not done] rides 2 her bike to work because it's better for the environment.
2. Horatio [not done] owns 3 a parrot, but he [not done] prefers 4 his monkeys as companions, because they remind him of little furry people.
1. Luna [not done] has 1 a car, but she usually [not done] rides 2 her bike to work because it's better for the environment.
2. Horatio [not done] owns 3 a parrot, but he [not done] prefers 4 his monkeys as companions, because they remind him of little furry people.
1 has: In the present simple tense, the verb 'to have' is conjugated as 'has' in the third person singular form. It is an irregular verb, and in this construction indicates Luna's possession of a car. We use the simple present tense as we are describing a habitual action in the present tense.
2 rides: In the present simple tense, the verb 'to ride' is conjugated as 'rides' in the third person singular form. It is an irregular verb: ride/rode/ridden. We use the simple present tense as we are describing a habitual action in the present tense.
3 owns: In the present simple tense, the verb 'to own' is conjugated as 'owns' in the third person singular form. In this construction, 'own' indicates Horatio's possession of a parrot. We use the simple present tense as we are describing Horatio's current ownership of a parrot.
4 prefers: In the present simple tense, the verb 'to prefer' is conjugated as 'prefers' in the third person singular form. In this construction, 'prefers' indicates Horatio's preference for monkeys over parrots. We use the simple present tense as we are describing Horatio's general, ongoing preference for monkeys.
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