A posse em inglês
Gramática inglesa - Toda gramática inglesa.
Quer melhorar o seu inglês? Faça o teste de nosso curso de inglês online.
TESTE O SEU INGLÊS
Teste grátis, sem compromisso
4.7 na App Store, Play Store e Trustpilot.
Mais de 8.000.000 de alunos ao redor do mundo.
A posse
• Em inglês, para formar a noção de posse é necessário conhecer o interrogativo whose (a quem?), o sujeito do genitive ('s em inglês significa de), e os adjetivos e pronomes possessivos:
Whose office is this? De quem é este escritório?
- It's Polly's (office). É da Polly. ('s)
- It's her office. É seu escritório. (adjetivo possessivo)
- It's hers. É dela. (pronome possessivo).
- It's Polly's (office). É da Polly. ('s)
- It's her office. É seu escritório. (adjetivo possessivo)
- It's hers. É dela. (pronome possessivo).
Whose is this? De quem é isto? (neste caso 'Whose' é um pronome)
- It's Bob's (briefcase). É (a pasta) de Bob.
- It's mine. É meu/minha.
- It's my briefcase. É minha pasta.
- It's Bob's (briefcase). É (a pasta) de Bob.
- It's mine. É meu/minha.
- It's my briefcase. É minha pasta.
• Adjetivos e pronomes possessivos:
my
meu, meus
mine
o meu, a minha, os meus, as minhas
your
teu, teus / seu, seus (de vocês)
yours
o(s) teu(s), a(s) tua(s)/ o(s) seu(s), a(s) sua(s) (de você)
his/her/its
seu, seus (dele ou dela, para coisas)
his/hers/its
o(s) seu(s), a(s) sua(s) (dele ou dela, para coisas)
our
nosso(s), nossa(s)
ours
o(s) nosso(s), a(s) nossa(s)
your
seu(s), sua(s)
yours
o(s) seu(s), a(s) sua(s)
their
seu, seus (deles ou delas)
theirs
o(s) seus(s), a(s) sua(s) (deles ou delas)
I left my cell phone at home. May I use yours? Esqueci meu celular em casa. Posso usar o seu?
Polly does not own this car. It's not hers. It belongs to her father. Polly não é a dona deste carro. Não é dela. Pertence a seu pai.
• One's (equivalente a 'um') é usado para os sujeitos não definidos, em um estilo impessoal:
to mind one's own business Não se meta onde você não foi chamado!(informal)
• Observação sobre o genitive:
• Quando o 'possuidor' estiver no plural, a palavra é acompanhada de um apóstrofo:
My parents' car. O carro dos meus pais.
The executives' bathroom. O banheiro dos diretores.
The women's locker room. O vestiário das mulheres. (plural irregular)
• Geralmente o ('s) é utilizado somente para pessoas ou animais:
The pig's ear. A orelha do porco.
The steering wheel of the car. O volante do carro.
ou The car steering wheel.
The steering wheel of the car. O volante do carro.
ou The car steering wheel.
• Às vezes, o ('s) dá a entender os nomes das coisas como house, shop, store (etc.), mesmo quando eles não tiverem sido mencionados anteriormente:
Luna is at the doctor's right now. Luna está no médico neste momento.
I bought this bag at Warbuckle's. Eu comprei esta bolsa no 'Warbuckle'.
We are having dinner at the Kennedys' tonight. Vamos comer na casa dos Kennedy esta noite.
• Algumas expressões muito usadas nos negócios e nos anúncios comerciais omitem o apóstrofo. Nelas, dois elementos são unidos em uma só palavra:
Sports wear ( ou Sportswear). Roupa esportiva.
Salesman. Vendedor.
Exercício 1
Luna: Hello Horatio. I found this pipe on the laboratory floor. I thought it might be .
Luna: Hello Horatio. I found this pipe on the laboratory floor. I thought it might be yours.
yours: 'Yours' is the possessive pronoun which replaces 'pipe'.
your: We must add an 's' to the end of the word, otherwise it is a possessive adjective and not a pronoun, which the sentence requires.
you: This choice does not make sense here. You is a personal pronoun, and the sentence requires a possessive pronoun to replace the 'pipe' (an object).
Exercício 2
Use the following words to fill in the blanks below. Be careful! Some words may be used more than once or not at all:
my | your| his | her | our | their
Philip: I just checked my computer, and I think there is a virus in the system!
Bob: Have you scanned machine for viruses?
Philip: I can't because PC won't start anymore!
Bob: How long has it been broken?
Philip: It crashed right after I sent an email to everyone in the Sales department.
Bob: Oh no...
Philip: Is that bad? Do you think I can use computer to check my messages? I have a date tonight...
my | your| his | her | our | their
Philip: I just checked my computer, and I think there is a virus in the system!
Bob: Have you scanned machine for viruses?
Philip: I can't because PC won't start anymore!
Bob: How long has it been broken?
Philip: It crashed right after I sent an email to everyone in the Sales department.
Bob: Oh no...
Philip: Is that bad? Do you think I can use computer to check my messages? I have a date tonight...
Use the following words to fill in the blanks below. Be careful! Some words may be used more than once or not at all:
my | your| his | her | our | their
Philip: I just checked my computer, and I think there is a virus in the system!
Bob: Have you scanned your 1 machine for viruses?
Philip: I can't because my 2 PC won't start anymore!
Bob: How long has it been broken?
Philip: It crashed right after I sent an email to everyone in the Sales department.
Bob: Oh no...
Philip: Is that bad? Do you think I can use your 3 computer to check my messages? I have a date tonight...
my | your| his | her | our | their
Philip: I just checked my computer, and I think there is a virus in the system!
Bob: Have you scanned your 1 machine for viruses?
Philip: I can't because my 2 PC won't start anymore!
Bob: How long has it been broken?
Philip: It crashed right after I sent an email to everyone in the Sales department.
Bob: Oh no...
Philip: Is that bad? Do you think I can use your 3 computer to check my messages? I have a date tonight...
1 your: 'Your computer' is the best choice here because Bob Carter is asking about Philip's computer.
2 my: 'My PC' is the best choice here because Philip is talking about his own computer.
3 your: 'Your computer' is the best choice. Because Philip's computer is broken, we can assume he wants to use Bob's computer to check his email.
Exercício 3
Horatio: Yes Luna. That pipe is indeed . But what were you doing in laboratory? Hmm?
Luna: Well, I was sitting in Polly's office yesterday, and I just felt like office had a lot of negative energy, so I decided to take a walk.
Horatio: stories are always fascinating, but where did you find this pipe?
Luna: Well, I was sitting in Polly's office yesterday, and I just felt like office had a lot of negative energy, so I decided to take a walk.
Horatio: stories are always fascinating, but where did you find this pipe?
Horatio: Yes Luna. That pipe is indeed mine 1. But what were you doing in my 2 laboratory? Hmm?
Luna: Well, I was sitting in Polly's office yesterday, and I just felt like her 3 office had a lot of negative energy, so I decided to take a walk.
Horatio: Your 4 stories are always fascinating, but where did you find this pipe?
Luna: Well, I was sitting in Polly's office yesterday, and I just felt like her 3 office had a lot of negative energy, so I decided to take a walk.
Horatio: Your 4 stories are always fascinating, but where did you find this pipe?
1 mine: 'Mine' is the best choice here, because Horatio is referring to his own pipe.
1 my: 'My' describes an object. It is a possessive adjective, and must precede a noun.
2 my: 'My' describes an object. It is a possessive adjective, and must precede a noun.
2 mine: 'Mine' is a possessive pronoun, and replaces a noun. Because we see the noun 'laboratory', we cannot use 'mine' here.
2 me: The personal pronoun 'me' doesn't make sense here.
3 her: 'Her' is the best choice here, because Luna is talking about Polly's office, and we can see that the word precedes a noun.
3 hers: 'Hers' is a possessive pronoun, and replaces a noun. Because we see the noun 'office', we cannot use 'hers' here.
3 she: The personal pronoun 'she' doesn't make sense here.
3 she's: 'She's' is actually a contraction for 'she is'. We cannot use it here.
4 Your: 'Your' is the best choice here, because Horatio is talking to Luna, about Luna's stories, we can see that the word precedes a noun.
4 Yours: 'Yours' is a possessive pronoun, and replaces a noun. Because we see the noun 'stories', we cannot use 'yours' here.
4 You're: 'You're' is actually a contraction for 'you are'. We cannot use it here.
4 You: The personal pronoun 'you' doesn't make sense here.
Exercício 4
Johnny: Is this Ms. DeLune's stereo?
Petey: Yes, it's . But if you want it, I'll sell it to you.
Petey: Yes, it's . But if you want it, I'll sell it to you.
Johnny: Is this Ms. DeLune's stereo?
Petey: Yes, it's hers. But if you want it, I'll sell it to you.
Petey: Yes, it's hers. But if you want it, I'll sell it to you.
hers: 'Hers' is the possessive pronoun used to refer to the possession of a female. As Ms. DeLune is a woman, 'her stereo' can be replaced by the pronoun 'hers'. Example: -Does this dog belong to your family? -Yes, it's ours.
his: 'His' is the wrong gender for Luna DeLune, who is a woman.
her: 'Her' is a personal pronoun. 'Her' describes 'to whom the stereo belongs', but it cannot replace the object 'the stereo'.
theirs: 'Theirs' is incorrect. 'Theirs' represents more than one person, while Luna is just one woman.
Exercício 5
Jean: pipe is this?
Bob: That must be Horatio's.
Jean: Oh, I didn't know it was .
Bob: That must be Horatio's.
Jean: Oh, I didn't know it was .
Jean: Whose 1 pipe is this?
Bob: That must be Horatio's.
Jean: Oh, I didn't know it was his 2.
Bob: That must be Horatio's.
Jean: Oh, I didn't know it was his 2.
1 Whose: We use 'whose?' to ask a question about possession. This is the best choice here.
1 Who: We cannot use 'who' here because the question is about possession, and not about identity.
1 His: 'His' is grammatically incorrect here, because we are asking a question, and so we must use an interrogative term to begin the construction.
2 his: We use 'his' here because we are talking about Horatio's pipe, and Horatio is a male. The possessive pronoun must agree with the gender of the person or subject in question.
2 hers: We cannot use 'hers' here because the pronoun must agree with the subject Horatio, who is a male.
2 its: We cannot use 'its' here because the pronoun must be agree with the subject Horatio, who is a male.
Ainda tem dificuldades com 'A posse'? Quer melhorar o seu inglês? Faça o teste de nosso curso de inglês online e receba uma avaliação de nível grátis!
