Which
理解语法是理解一门语言的关键。
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Which
Which 是一个疑问代词或者形容词，用在有限定选项和答案的问句和句式中:
Which of the following statements is not true? 下列哪个陈述不正确？
Which Delavigne perfume do you prefer? 你更喜欢哪款德拉维尼香水？
练习 1
Icarus: Excuse me, Polly, could you please hand me that pencil?
Polly: one?
Icarus: one, over there.
Polly: one in my hand?
Icarus: No, the one by the window.
Polly: one?
Icarus: one, over there.
Polly: one in my hand?
Icarus: No, the one by the window.
Icarus: Excuse me, Polly, could you please hand me that pencil?
Polly: Which 1 one?
Icarus: That 2 one, over there.
Polly: This 3 one in my hand?
Icarus: No, the one by the window.
Polly: Which 1 one?
Icarus: That 2 one, over there.
Polly: This 3 one in my hand?
Icarus: No, the one by the window.
1 Which: The interrogative term 'which' is used to ask specific questions which have a limited or specific number of possible answers. In this question, 'which' agrees with the pronoun 'one', which replaces the noun 'pencil'. Example: Which shirt do you prefer: the red one or the blue one?
1 Who: 'Who' cannot be used with a pronoun that replaces an object. A pencil is not a person, so we cannot use the interrogative term 'who', which is used to ask about people, and not objects.
1 Whose: 'Whose' could only be used here if the question was: 'Whose pencil?', or simply: 'Whose?'. 'Whose?' asks a question about possession, and in this case we are referring to a specific object, therefore we cannot use the interrogative term 'whose?'.
1 May: 'May' does not make sense here. 'May' can be used as an interrogative term, but only in polite constructions to ask for permission, as in the question 'May I sit down?'. 'May' cannot be used in this context.
2 That: We use the demonstrative term 'that' when referring to an object which is distant, for example: "located on the other side of the room". The phrase 'over there' indicates that Icarus is referring to an object (the pencil) which is located at a distance.
2 This: 'This' is not used for distant objects. We use 'this' to describe objects which are close spatially or in time.
2 Which: Because Icarus is not asking a question, nor using a relative clause, we cannot use 'which' here.
2 What: Because Icarus is not asking a question, nor using a relative clause, we cannot use 'what' here.
3 This: We use the demonstrative term 'this' to refer to an object which is close (spatially or in time). Examples: This phone in my hand is black.
3 That: 'That' is not used for objects which are near to us. We use 'that' to describe objects which are distant.
3 Which: 'Which' cannot refer to the pencil Polly is indicating in this construction. 'Which one in my hand?' is grammatically incorrect, unless Polly has two pencils in her hand, but there is no evidence for this.
3 These: The demonstrative term 'these' refers only to plural objects (which are close spatially or in time). A single pencil cannot be preceded with the demonstrative 'these'.
练习 2
slogan do you prefer for our ad campaign?
Which slogan do you prefer for our ad campaign?
Which: 'Which' is the correct choice because it specifically asks a question about the noun 'slogan'.
Who: 'Who' is incorrect because it asks a question about a person, and not an object.
How many: 'How many' is incorrect because we are not asking about quantity. Also, the noun 'slogan' is singular, so we would not ask 'how many'.
练习 3
members of the IT department do you get along with best?
Which members of the IT department do you get along with best?
Which: 'Which' is the correct choice because it asks a question about the members of the department, whom are considered to be objects, even though they are people.
What: We cannot use 'what' to ask about people themselves, we must use the interrogative 'which members' or simply 'who?'.
How much: 'How much' cannot be used in this question. 'Members' is a countable noun, so we would use 'how many?'
练习 4
Polly: Philip, time do you usually wake up in the morning?
Philip: It depends on the day of the week. On the weekdays, I like to read the papers early in the morning.
Polly: Oh, ones do you read?
Philip: The Crawl Street Journal, The SF Gazette, and Playboy ...for the articles, of course.
Polly: Right.
Philip: It depends on the day of the week. On the weekdays, I like to read the papers early in the morning.
Polly: Oh, ones do you read?
Philip: The Crawl Street Journal, The SF Gazette, and Playboy ...for the articles, of course.
Polly: Right.
Polly: Philip, what 1 time do you usually wake up in the morning?
Philip: It depends on the day of the week. On the weekdays, I like to read the papers early in the morning.
Polly: Oh, which 2 ones do you read?
Philip: The Crawl Street Journal, The SF Gazette, and Playboy ...for the articles, of course.
Polly: Right.
Philip: It depends on the day of the week. On the weekdays, I like to read the papers early in the morning.
Polly: Oh, which 2 ones do you read?
Philip: The Crawl Street Journal, The SF Gazette, and Playboy ...for the articles, of course.
Polly: Right.
1 what: 'What time is it?' is the only way to pose this question. As an interrogative term, 'what' is used to ask general questions.
1 which: 'Which' is used to ask a specific question with a limited number of answers (which room? which one?). Because 'what time is it' is a more general question, we use the 'what' in this case.
1 when: Although 'when' is used to ask questions about time, we cannot use 'when' in this case because of the noun 'time' which follows. 'When time' is grammatically incorrect, though we might say 'when do you wake up in the morning?'
2 which: 'Which?' is used to ask a specific question with a limited number of possible answers. Polly knows that Philip reads newspapers every morning, and she wants to know which ones he reads specifically.
2 what: 'What?' is used to ask a general question, so we would not use it in this case. We might ask 'what do you like read?' which is a more general question.
练习 5
Applicant: It's an honor to meet you Ms. DeLune, I've heard many good things about you and this company...
Luna: Yes, I'm sorry, is your name again?
Applicant: My name? It's Alex.
Luna: Right. And are your interests Alex?
Applicant: Well, I like movies about dolphins, and working hard.
Luna: do you like more, working hard or dolphin movies?
Applicant: To be quite honest, I think I prefer dolphin movies. They can be very powerful emotionally.
Luna: Alex, I appreciate your honesty, but we're looking for someone who is less interested in dolphins, and more interested in working hard.
Luna: Yes, I'm sorry, is your name again?
Applicant: My name? It's Alex.
Luna: Right. And are your interests Alex?
Applicant: Well, I like movies about dolphins, and working hard.
Luna: do you like more, working hard or dolphin movies?
Applicant: To be quite honest, I think I prefer dolphin movies. They can be very powerful emotionally.
Luna: Alex, I appreciate your honesty, but we're looking for someone who is less interested in dolphins, and more interested in working hard.
Applicant: It's an honor to meet you Ms. DeLune, I've heard many good things about you and this company...
Luna: Yes, I'm sorry, what 1 is your name again?
Applicant: My name? It's Alex.
Luna: Right. And what 2 are your interests Alex?
Applicant: Well, I like movies about dolphins, and working hard.
Luna: Which 3 do you like more, working hard or dolphin movies?
Applicant: To be quite honest, I think I prefer dolphin movies. They can be very powerful emotionally.
Luna: Alex, I appreciate your honesty, but we're looking for someone who is less interested in dolphins, and more interested in working hard.
Luna: Yes, I'm sorry, what 1 is your name again?
Applicant: My name? It's Alex.
Luna: Right. And what 2 are your interests Alex?
Applicant: Well, I like movies about dolphins, and working hard.
Luna: Which 3 do you like more, working hard or dolphin movies?
Applicant: To be quite honest, I think I prefer dolphin movies. They can be very powerful emotionally.
Luna: Alex, I appreciate your honesty, but we're looking for someone who is less interested in dolphins, and more interested in working hard.
1 what: 'What is your name?' is a general question with many possible answers. We use 'what?' to ask questions of a general nature.
1 which: 'Which' is used ask specific questions such as 'which one? or 'which way should I turn?'.
2 what: 'What are your interests?' is a general question, so 'what' is the best choice here.
2 which: 'Which' is used to ask specific questions with a limited number of answers. It does not make sense to use it here. We might ask 'which sport do you prefer, hockey or tennis?'
3 Which: 'Which' is the best answer here because Luna is asking a specific question about Alex's preferences. There are only two possible responses, and so we use 'which' to ask the question.
3 What: Because this particular question is very specific, we would not use 'what', which we use for general questions here.
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