HAVE TO um Notwendigkeit und Pflicht in der Zukunft und Vergangenheit auszudrücken auf Englisch - erläutertung und übersetzung
Die Grammatik ist für das Verständnis einer Sprache entscheidend.
Entdecken Sie mit Gymglish wichtige Grammatik-Tipps der englischen Sprache. Wenn Sie gratis online Englisch lernen möchten, können Sie für sieben Tage lang kostenlos unseren Online-Englischkurs Gymglish testen (geeignet für jedes Niveau).
TESTEN SIE IHR ENGLISCH
Kostenlos und unverbindlich
4,7 im App Store, Play Store und auf Trustpilot.
Mehr als 8 Millionen Lernende
HAVE TO um Notwendigkeit und Pflicht in der Zukunft und Vergangenheit auszudrücken
Um eine Notwendigkeit, Pflicht oder das Erledigen von Aufgaben in der Zukunft oder Vergangenheit auszudrücken, wird nicht 'must' oder 'need' verwendet, sondern diese werden durch have to ersetzt:
We must (need to) buy another ticket. Wir müssen noch ein Ticket kaufen.
We had to buy another ticket. Wir mussten noch ein Ticket kaufen.
We'll have to buy another ticket later. Wir werden später noch ein Ticket kaufen müssen.
We had to buy another ticket. Wir mussten noch ein Ticket kaufen.
We'll have to buy another ticket later. Wir werden später noch ein Ticket kaufen müssen.
Übung 1
Bob: Sorry I'm late. As I was leaving work, I realized that I forgot my book and go back and get it.
Raman: That's cool, man. Actually, I just arrived, myself. I make a few extra phone calls before leaving the office.
Bob: Hold on one second. I just call my wife to let her know that I'll be late.
Raman: That's cool, man. That's cool.
Raman: That's cool, man. Actually, I just arrived, myself. I make a few extra phone calls before leaving the office.
Bob: Hold on one second. I just call my wife to let her know that I'll be late.
Raman: That's cool, man. That's cool.
Bob: Sorry I'm late. As I was leaving work, I realized that I forgot my book and had to 1 go back and get it.
Raman: That's cool, man. Actually, I just arrived, myself. I had to 2 make a few extra phone calls before leaving the office.
Bob: Hold on one second. I just need to 3 call my wife to let her know that I'll be late.
Raman: That's cool, man. That's cool.
Raman: That's cool, man. Actually, I just arrived, myself. I had to 2 make a few extra phone calls before leaving the office.
Bob: Hold on one second. I just need to 3 call my wife to let her know that I'll be late.
Raman: That's cool, man. That's cool.
1 had to: When describing an obligation in the past, we use 'had to' in place of 'must' or 'need', terms which cannot be used to indicate past obligations or necessities. Bob is saying that he 'needed to' or was 'obliged' to go back and get his book.
1 must: We cannot use 'must' to express obligation in the past.
1 need to: This is incorrect. 'Need to' (in the present tense) cannot be used to describe a past obligation.
2 had to: When we wish to express an obligation in the past, we use 'had to' in place of 'must' or 'need'. Raman is saying that he 'needed to' or 'was obliged' to make some phone calls earlier.
2 must: We cannot use 'must' to express obligation in the past.
2 need: This is incorrect because 'need to' is not used in the past tense.
3 need to: This is the best choice here. 'Need to' expresses the fact that Bob is currently 'obliged' to call his wife.
3 had to: Because Bob is referring to something he still has to do or which remains to be done (in the future), we cannot use the past tense form 'had to'.
3 must: 'I just must call my wife' may be grammatically correct, but it is awkward in English. We would never say 'just must'.
Übung 2
One of the four words in bold below is not correct. Replace the ONE incorrect word with a more appropriate term. Write out the correct terms again. Make sure you write something in ALL FOUR blanks!
Last week, Kevin bought tickets for the theater. Unfortunately, his credit card was rejected, so he must pay for the tickets in cash.
→Last week, Kevin tickets for theater. Unfortunately, his credit card rejected, so he pay for the tickets in cash.
Last week, Kevin bought tickets for the theater. Unfortunately, his credit card was rejected, so he must pay for the tickets in cash.
→Last week, Kevin tickets for theater. Unfortunately, his credit card rejected, so he pay for the tickets in cash.
One of the four words in bold below is not correct. Replace the ONE incorrect word with a more appropriate term. Write out the correct terms again. Make sure you write something in ALL FOUR blanks!
Last week, Kevin bought tickets for the theater. Unfortunately, his credit card was rejected, so he must pay for the tickets in cash.
→Last week, Kevin bought 1 tickets for the 2 theater. Unfortunately, his credit card was 3 rejected, so he had to 4 pay for the tickets in cash.
Last week, Kevin bought tickets for the theater. Unfortunately, his credit card was rejected, so he must pay for the tickets in cash.
→Last week, Kevin bought 1 tickets for the 2 theater. Unfortunately, his credit card was 3 rejected, so he had to 4 pay for the tickets in cash.
1 bought: 'Bought' is correct. Because we are talking about 'last week' we use the simple past tense here. 'Buy' is an irregular verb: buy/bought/bought.
2 the: 'The' is correct. Because we are not speaking of the abstract generality of 'theater' as an artistic medium, the structure of the sentence requires the definite article 'the' before 'theater'.
3 was: 'Was' is correct. We already know that the action is taking place in the past. 'Was' is the preterit from of 'to be'. It is irregular: 'I am, you are/I was, you were/I had been, you have been'.
4 had to: 'Must' is the mistake in this sentence. Because we are speaking about past events, we cannot use 'must' which can only be used in the present tense. In order to express necessity in the past we use 'had to' (the past form of 'have to') in place of 'must' or 'need to'.
Übung 3
Metalhead: DarkBreath be the greatest metal guitarist alive today.
Edward: I heard that after he was in that car accident, he practise for five hours per day for two years!
Metalhead: Yeah, but I bet he doesn’t practise any more now!
Edward: I wish my name were DarkBreath.
Edward: I heard that after he was in that car accident, he practise for five hours per day for two years!
Metalhead: Yeah, but I bet he doesn’t practise any more now!
Edward: I wish my name were DarkBreath.
Metalhead: DarkBreath must 1 be the greatest metal guitarist alive today.
Edward: I heard that after he was in that car accident, he had to 2 practise for five hours per day for two years!
Metalhead: Yeah, but I bet he doesn’t need to 3 practise any more now!
Edward: I wish my name were DarkBreath.
Edward: I heard that after he was in that car accident, he had to 2 practise for five hours per day for two years!
Metalhead: Yeah, but I bet he doesn’t need to 3 practise any more now!
Edward: I wish my name were DarkBreath.
1 must: The only grammatically correct choice here is "must (be)". In this kind of context, it expresses an evaluation or conclusion (here, the Metalhead's evaluation of different guitar players' abilities). A similar example: "Daniel's jacket is stained with the victim's blood! He must be the murderer!".
1 had to: The Metalhead's statement is about the present, as indicated by the word "today" (meaning "in the present day", or "at this time"). Therefore, there is no good reason to use the past-tense verb "had to" here.
1 needs: This choice is grammatically incorrect. In this context, "needs" would have to be followed by a full infinitive verb, including the word "to". For example: "Bruno needs to be careful when trekking through the jungle".
2 had to: Edward is referring to a period of time in the past: the two years following "that car accident" (a car accident which happened in the past). "Had to" is used instead of "must" or "needs to" in the past tense. Another example: "The doctor told me that I had to give up sugar".
2 must: We cannot use the verb "must" in the past tense.
2 needs to: "Needs to" is a present-tense verb, but this sentence is referring to the past.
3 need to: DarkBreath doesn't need to practise any more: this sentence implies that it is no longer necessary for Darkbreath to practise guitar, because he is so skilled. A similar example: "I don't need to sleep any more. I am a cyborg now".
3 had to: This option is grammatically incorrect for two reasons. Firstly, the sentence is about the present, as indicated by the term "any more" (which refers to something which is no longer the case now). Secondly, negation in the past tense is formed using didn't (or did not) followed by the infinitive of the verb (without "to"). If this sentence were about the past, we would say "He didn't have to practise".
3 must: Modal auxiliary verbs like "must" are negated in a different way than other verbs. We do not use "don't" or "do not" with verbs like must, can, may, might: rather, we simply use "not" after the verb. For example: "You must not arrive late"; "He can't swim".
Übung 4
Moira: My daughter is angry with me. I to do something to make her forgive me.
Brent: Maybe you could buy her a copy of the new Henry Patter book? It’s going to be released tomorrow.
Moira: When I did that last year, I queue up for three hours at the bookstore!
Brent: Well, you will make sacrifices if you want to regain your daughter’s love.
Brent: Maybe you could buy her a copy of the new Henry Patter book? It’s going to be released tomorrow.
Moira: When I did that last year, I queue up for three hours at the bookstore!
Brent: Well, you will make sacrifices if you want to regain your daughter’s love.
Moira: My daughter is angry with me. I need 1 to do something to make her forgive me.
Brent: Maybe you could buy her a copy of the new Henry Patter book? It’s going to be released tomorrow.
Moira: When I did that last year, I had to 2 queue up for three hours at the bookstore!
Brent: Well, you will have to 3 make sacrifices if you want to regain your daughter’s love.
Brent: Maybe you could buy her a copy of the new Henry Patter book? It’s going to be released tomorrow.
Moira: When I did that last year, I had to 2 queue up for three hours at the bookstore!
Brent: Well, you will have to 3 make sacrifices if you want to regain your daughter’s love.
1 need: Moira is saying that it is necessary or important for her to act in order to obtain forgiveness from her daughter. She uses the present tense because it is necessary now. Another example: "I need to find someone to rent my room over summer".
1 must: The verb "must" is never followed by a verb in the full infinitive (with "to"). Moira could say "I must do something" (without "to").
1 had: "I had to do something" refers to a situation of obligation or necessity in the past. This is not logical here. Moira's daughter is angry with her now (in the present), so she needs to find a solution now. She could say: "I have to do something".
2 had to: To refer to an obligation or necessity in the past, we use "had to" instead of "must" or "need to". Moira is saying that she was obligated or compelled to queue up for three hours last year. Note that Moira uses the UK English term "to queue up"; the US English equivalent is "to wait in line".
2 must: We cannot use the verb "must" to refer to the past.
2 need to: "I need to" is a present-tense verb, but this sentence is referring to the past.
3 have to: "You will have to" is in the future tense. Brent is saying that Moira must make sacrifices in the future in order to make her daughter love her again. Another example: "-How will I make it to the airport on time? -You will have to run".
3 must: The verb "must" cannot be conjugated in the future tense, and cannot be preceded by another auxiliary verb such as "will", "do" or "have".
3 need: This option is grammatically incorrect. The sentence does not make sense without "to". Brent could say: "You will need to make sacrifices".
Übung 5
Kevin spent 9 months earlier this year studying for a Chinese language exam. “I to be able to communicate better with our Chinese clients!”, he thought. He worked pretty hard – he even give up watching his favorite TV program in order to have enough time to study. Unfortunately, he still failed the exam. He will study even harder next year if he wants to pass it.
Kevin spent 9 months earlier this year studying for a Chinese language exam. “I need 1 to be able to communicate better with our Chinese clients!”, he thought. He worked pretty hard – he even had to 2 give up watching his favorite TV program in order to have enough time to study. Unfortunately, he still failed the exam. He will have to 3 study even harder next year if he wants to pass it.
1 need: Kevin's thought indicates that is was necessary for him to learn Chinese in order to communicate better with Delavigne's Chinese clients. We use direct speech here to show exactly what Kevin thought in the past: he used the present tense "I need to" to express what was necessary at that time. Another example: "Hannah said to me: 'I need to leave work early today'".
1 had: It doesn't make sense for Kevin to use the past tense here. At the time that he thought this, his need to communicate better with clients was current, not from the past.
1 must: The verb "must" is never followed by a verb in the full infinitive (with "to"). Kevin could say "I must be able to communicate better".
2 had to: To refer to an obligation or necessity in the past, we use "had to" instead of "must" or "need to". Kevin was obliged to give up (stop watching) his favorite TV program. Another example: "I had to ask her to repeat herself three times before I understood what she was saying".
2 needs to: "He needs to" is a present-tense verb, but this sentence is referring to the past. We can tell this because it contains the past-tense verb "he worked".
2 must: This sentence is about the past, as we can tell from the past-tense verb "he worked". The verb "must" cannot refer to the past.
3 have to: "He will have to" is in the future tense. We are saying that it will be necessary for Kevin to put even more effort into studying in the future. Another example: "-How will I remember all the instructions? -You won't, but you will have to take detailed notes".
3 must: The verb "must" cannot be conjugated in the future tense, and cannot be preceded by another auxiliary verb such as "will", "do" or "have".
3 need: This option is grammatically incorrect. The sentence does not make sense without "to". We could say: "He will need to study even harder".
Haben Sie noch Probleme mit ‚HAVE TO um Notwendigkeit und Pflicht in der Zukunft und Vergangenheit auszudrücken‘? Verbessern Sie Ihr Englisch mit Gymglish - testen Sie unsere Englischlektionen jetzt kostenlos und erhalten Sie eine kostenlose Beurteilung Ihres Könnens!
Was unsere User sagen:
Erfahren Sie mehr über andere Grammatikregeln. Verbessern Sie Ihr Englisch weiter und testen Sie Gymglish, online Englischkurse.
