Few, little auf Englisch - erläutertung und übersetzung
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Few, little
Few und little bezeichnen kleine Mengen:
• Little (wenig, etwas) und a little (ein wenig, ein bisschen, etwas) stehen vor nicht zählbaren Substantiven:
• Little (wenig, etwas) und a little (ein wenig, ein bisschen, etwas) stehen vor nicht zählbaren Substantiven:
Philip has little time for his family. Philip does not have much time to spend with his family. Philip hat wenig Zeit für seine Familie. Philip hat nicht viel Zeit, die er mit seiner Familie verbringen kann.
Will you have a little milk with your tea? Will you have some milk with your tea? Möchten Sie etwas Milch in ihren Tee? Möchten Sie etwas Milch zu Ihrem Tee?
I get by with a little help from my friends. I cope with some help from my friends. Ich schaffe es mit ein bisschen Hilfe meiner Freunde. Ich komme mit etwas Hilfe von meinen Freunden zurecht. (Lied der Beatles)
You insulted him a little bit! You insulted him slightly! Du hast ihn ein bisschen beleidigt! Du hast ihn leicht beleidigt!
• Few (einige, ein paar, wenige) und a few (ein paar) begleiten zählbare Substantive:
Few people know the true story of Horatio's youth. Not many people know the true story of Horatio's youth. Wenige Leute kennen die wahre Geschichte über Horatios Jugend. Nicht viele Leute kennen die wahre Geschichte über Horatios Jugend.
The Pope called me a few days ago. The Pope called me several days ago. Der Papst hat mich vor ein paar Tagen angerufen. Der Papst hat mich vor mehreren Tagen angerufen.
There are very few elephants left in the area. There are not many elephants left in the area at all. Es sind sehr wenige Elephanten in dem Gebiet übrig geblieben. Es sind überhaupt nicht mehr viele Elefanten in dem Gebiet übrig.
The few of you who did not finish their paper, please go see the principal. Some of you did not finish their paper. Those people should go to see the principal. Die wenigen unter euch, die ihre Hausarbeit nicht fertig gestellt haben, gehen bitte zum Direktor. Einige von euch haben ihre Hausarbeit nicht fertig gestellt. Diese Personen sollen zum Direktor gehen.
Anmerkung: Little und few bedeuten das Gegenteil von much und many.
Achten Sie darauf little/few und a little/a few immer zu unterscheiden:
• Ohne Artikel verstärken diese die Bedeutung einer kleinen Menge, oftmals im negativen Sinne ('kaum', 'nicht viel', 'zu wenig'):
• Mit dem Artikel a bezeichnen diese einfach nur eine kleine Menge oder eine kleine Anzahl:
• Ohne Artikel verstärken diese die Bedeutung einer kleinen Menge, oftmals im negativen Sinne ('kaum', 'nicht viel', 'zu wenig'):
• Mit dem Artikel a bezeichnen diese einfach nur eine kleine Menge oder eine kleine Anzahl:
I have little money. I don't have much money. Ich habe kaum Geld. Ich habe nicht viel Geld.
I have a little money. I have some money. Ich habe ein wenig Geld. Ich habe etwas Geld.
Bruno has few contacts in the White House. Bruno does not have many contacts in the White House. Bruno hat nicht viele Kontakte zum Weißen Haus. Bruno hat nicht viele Kontakte im Weißen Haus.
Bruno has a few contacts in the White House. Bruno has some contacts in the White House. Bruno hat ein paar Kontakte zum Weißen Haus. Bruno hat einige Kontakte zum Weißen Haus.
Polly has little patience for womanizers like Philip Cheeter. Polly does not have much patience for womanizers like Philip Cheeter. Polly hat nicht viel Geduld mit Schürzenjägern wie Philip Cheeter. Polly hat nicht viel Geduld mit Schürzenjägern wie Philip Cheeter.
Übung 1
Icarus has noticed that there are mistakes in Philip Cheeter's latest sales report. The errors are not very significant, but it frustrates Icarus that very people in the office are as attentive to detail as himself.
Icarus has noticed that there are a few 1 mistakes in Philip Cheeter's latest sales report. The errors are not very significant, but it frustrates Icarus a little 2 that very few 3 people in the office are as attentive to detail as himself.
1 a few: Because 'mistakes' is a countable noun, we use 'a few' to describe it.
1 a little: We only use 'a little' to qualify uncountable nouns. Because 'mistakes' is a countable noun, we cannot use 'a little' to describe it. However, we could say 'Philip made a little mistake in his sales report' which would express that Philip made a 'small' or 'minor' mistake.
2 a little: 'A little' is the best choice here. It describes Icarus' frustration. When we use adjectives such as 'frustrated' we use 'a little' to qualify the adjective. In this sense, the adjective functions as an uncountable idea.
2 a few: We cannot use 'a few' to describe Icarus's frustration. We consider adjectives such as 'frustrated' to be 'uncountable' ideas, and therefore we should use 'a little' to qualify the adjective.
2 few: We cannot use 'few' to describe 'frustration' because it is an uncountable noun.
2 little: We should describe Icarus as 'a little frustrated'. The article 'a' should precede 'little' in this case.
3 few: Because 'people' is a countable noun, we use 'few' to describe it.
3 a few: We cannot use 'a few' in this case because of the adverb 'very'. We must drop the article 'a' and say 'few people'.
3 a little: We only use 'little' to qualify uncountable nouns. Because 'people' is a countable noun, we cannot use 'little' to describe it.
3 little: We only use 'little' to qualify uncountable nouns. Because 'people' is a countable noun, we cannot use 'little' to describe it. Although 'little' is grammatically correct here, using it here describes the stature of the people in the office.
Übung 2
Kevin Connors has minutes of free time before his meeting with his Chinese contact, Mei-Tsing Lee. Because he has time to spare, he turns on the radio to hear the scores of the rugby match between Ireland and France.
Kevin Connors has a few 1 minutes of free time before his meeting with his Chinese contact, Mei-Tsing Lee. Because he has little 2 time to spare, he turns on the radio to hear the scores of the rugby match between Ireland and France.
1 a few: As a rule, we use 'few' instead of 'some' when referring to units of time: a few hours, a few days, a few years. It's an exception, and one of the reasons we have to learn English for a few years to master it!
1 little: We only use 'little' to qualify uncountable nouns. Because 'minutes' is a countable noun, we cannot use 'little' to describe it.
1 some: Even though it's possible to use 'some' with plural countable nouns (Example: I have some cakes), we don't use 'some' with units of time.
2 little: We use 'little' to describe uncountable nouns like 'time'. Note that 'time' is considered an uncountable noun whereas 'times' (as in 'a few times') is considered a countable noun.
2 few: We only use 'few' to qualify countable nouns. Because 'time' is an uncountable noun, we cannot use 'few' to describe it.
2 a lot: 'A lot' is generally followed by 'of' to describe a large amount of something. It does not make sense here.
Übung 3
A hours ago, I received a call from my friend, the President. He told me that everything was going well at the White House, and if I had a free time, I should come over and play ping-pong with him and the other politicians some time.
A few 1 hours ago, I received a call from my friend, the President. He told me that everything was going well at the White House, and if I had a little 2 free time, I should come over and play ping-pong with him and the other politicians some time.
1 few: Because 'hours' is a countable noun, we must use 'a few' to describe it.
1 little: We only use 'little' to qualify uncountable nouns. Because 'hours' is a countable noun, we cannot use 'little' to describe it.
2 little: We use 'little' to describe uncountable nouns like 'time'.
2 few: Because 'time' is an uncountable noun, we cannot use 'few' to describe it.
Übung 4
'Before we end this meeting, I would like to make points:
1. I need volunteers to help me prepare for next week's press conference.
2. We have very information about that new perfume store which just opened. Someone should do research.
3. That's it. Let's eat!'
1. I need volunteers to help me prepare for next week's press conference.
2. We have very information about that new perfume store which just opened. Someone should do research.
3. That's it. Let's eat!'
'Before we end this meeting, I would like to make a few 1 points:
1. I need a few 2 volunteers to help me prepare for next week's press conference.
2. We have very little 3 information about that new perfume store which just opened. Someone should do a little 4 research.
3. That's it. Let's eat!'
1. I need a few 2 volunteers to help me prepare for next week's press conference.
2. We have very little 3 information about that new perfume store which just opened. Someone should do a little 4 research.
3. That's it. Let's eat!'
1 a few: Because 'points' is a countable noun, we use 'a few' to describe it.
1 few: 'Few' is the correct choice to describe a countable noun such as 'points', however we must precede 'few' with the article 'a'.
1 little: We only use 'a little' to qualify uncountable nouns. Because 'points' is a countable noun, we cannot use 'a little' to describe it.
2 a few: Because 'volunteers' is a countable noun, we use 'a few' to describe it.
2 few: 'Few' is the correct choice to describe a countable noun such as 'points', however we must precede 'few' with the article 'a'.
2 little: We only use 'a little' to qualify uncountable nouns. Because 'volunteers' is a countable noun, we cannot use 'a little' to describe it.
3 little: We use 'little' to describe uncountable nouns like 'information'. It is the best choice here.
3 a little: 'Little' is the correct choice to describe an uncountable noun such as 'information', however the noun is already preceded by the adverb 'very', so we cannot use 'very a little information'.
3 few: Because 'information' is an uncountable noun, we cannot use 'few' to describe it.
4 a little: We use 'little' to describe uncountable nouns like 'research'. It is the best choice here.
4 a few: Because 'research' is an uncountable noun, we cannot use 'few' to describe it.
Übung 5
There are people waiting to speak with Bruno, but he is busy talking with Susie. Sometimes his clients grow impatient, but usually Polly gives them candies and they calm down.
There are a few 1 people waiting to speak with Bruno, but he is busy talking with Susie. Sometimes his clients grow a little 2 impatient, but usually Polly gives them a few 3 candies and they calm down.
1 a few: Because 'people' is a countable noun, we use 'a few' to describe it.
1 a little: We only use 'a little' to describe uncountable nouns. Because 'people' is a countable noun, we cannot use 'a little' to describe it.
2 a little: Because 'impatient' is a state, we use 'a little' to describe it.
2 a few: We only use 'a few' when we speak about countable things. Because 'impatient' is not a countable thing, we cannot use 'a few' to describe it.
3 a few: Because 'candies' is a countable noun, we use 'a few' to describe it.
3 a little: We only use 'a little' to describe uncountable nouns (time, money, enjoyment). Because 'candies' is a countable noun, we cannot use 'a little' to describe it.
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