To be finished für 'fertig sein' auf Englisch - erläutertung und übersetzung
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To be finished für 'fertig sein'
Das Verb to finish wird wie im Deutschen gebraucht:
I am finished with the work you gave me. Ich bin mit der Arbeit fertig, die du mir gegeben hast.
As soon as you are finished speaking with Polly, please come to my office. Komm bitte in mein Büro, sobald du mit Polly zu Ende gesprochen hast.
There Will Be Blood, Paul Thomas Anderson, 2007
Übung 1
Identify the form of the contractions used in the following sentences:
He'd better think again before coming around my neighborhood. 'He'd = '
I'd have been there for the party, if your mother hadn't kept me waiting. 'I'd = '
I'd already finished cooking by the time the clowns showed up for dinner. 'I'd = '
He'd better think again before coming around my neighborhood. 'He'd = '
I'd have been there for the party, if your mother hadn't kept me waiting. 'I'd = '
I'd already finished cooking by the time the clowns showed up for dinner. 'I'd = '
Identify the form of the contractions used in the following sentences:
He'd better think again before coming around my neighborhood. 'He'd = He had 1'
I'd have been there for the party, if your mother hadn't kept me waiting. 'I'd = I would 2'
I'd already finished cooking by the time the clowns showed up for dinner. 'I'd = I had 3'
He'd better think again before coming around my neighborhood. 'He'd = He had 1'
I'd have been there for the party, if your mother hadn't kept me waiting. 'I'd = I would 2'
I'd already finished cooking by the time the clowns showed up for dinner. 'I'd = I had 3'
1 He had: This is the best choice here. The expression being used in this sentence is 'He had better', which is synonymous with 'He ought to' or 'He should', all of these constructions express a conditional sentiment that someone 'should' act in a certain way.
1 He would: 'He would better' is grammatically incorrect.
1 He should: We cannot form contractions with the auxiliary 'should'. We could say, however: 'He should think again...'.
1 He did: We cannot form contractions with the auxiliary 'do'.
2 I would: This is the best choice here. 'I would have been there for the party' expresses a conditional statement that is dependant upon the second clause of the sentence ('if your mother hadn't kept me waiting').
2 I should: We cannot form contractions with the auxiliary 'should'.
2 I could: We cannot form contractions with the auxiliary 'could'.
2 I had: Because the second clause of the sentence is introduced by 'if', we are forming a conditional sentence. Therefore, we cannot use 'had' here because it does not express the conditional.
3 I had: This is the best choice here. 'I had already finished' is a normal use of the past perfect (auxiliary 'have' conjugated in the past tense + the past participle). We know that we need to use the past perfect because the second verb (showed up) is in the past simple form.
3 I would: 'I would finished' is grammatically incorrect. We do not use the auxiliary 'would' directly followed by the past participle.
3 I should: We cannot form contractions with the auxiliary 'should'.
3 I did: We cannot form contractions with the auxiliary 'do'.
Übung 2
Fill in the blanks.
Susie is finished on her personal origami project. However, she hasn’t yet finished her work to send to arts magazines. She wants to do it today, but she has to wait until her flatmate Karen is the camera which they share.
Susie is finished on her personal origami project. However, she hasn’t yet finished her work to send to arts magazines. She wants to do it today, but she has to wait until her flatmate Karen is the camera which they share.
Fill in the blanks.
Susie is finished working 1 on her personal origami project. However, she hasn’t yet finished photographing 2 her work to send to arts magazines. She wants to do it today, but she has to wait until her flatmate Karen is finished with 3 the camera which they share.
Susie is finished working 1 on her personal origami project. However, she hasn’t yet finished photographing 2 her work to send to arts magazines. She wants to do it today, but she has to wait until her flatmate Karen is finished with 3 the camera which they share.
1 working: "To be finished" and "to have finished" share the same meaning. When either phrase is followed by a verb, we put the verb in the gerundive (-ing) form. Another example: "I am finished polishing this table".
1 to work: We cannot use the infinitive after "to be finished" or "to have finished".
1 worked: We cannot use a simple past tense after "to be finished" or "to have finished". Generally speaking, the subject must come immediately before a conjugated verb like "worked". For example: "Susie worked on the campaign all afternoon".
2 photographing: Again, we use the gerundive (-ing) form of the verb here, because it follows the phrase "to have finished" (in the negative). Another example: "I haven't finished eating breakfast yet".
2 to photograph: We cannot use the infinitive after "to be finished" or "to have finished".
2 photographs: "Photographs" could be a present-tense verb or a noun. In both cases, it can't be used here. We can't use a present-tense verb after "to have finished". We can use a noun, but it doesn't make sense to use the noun "photographs" immediately before the noun "her work". We could say: "She hasn't finished taking photographs of her work".
3 finished with: "Karen is finished with the camera" is another way of saying "Karen has finished using the camera" in spoken English. We can use "to be finished with" before an object being used. For example: "Darren, are you finished with the vacuum cleaner yet?".
3 finished: We cannot use "to be finished" immediately before a noun like "camera". We need to add the word "with" here.
3 finishing: The present progressive tense refers to an ongoing action and is inappropriate here. For example: "Wait a minute, I'm just finishing this painting". Also, in general, we do not say "to finish a camera" in English, unless someone is actually constructing a camera!
Übung 3
Fill in the blanks. Select “-” if you think no word should be added.
DJ Lunar has just finished his new album. But he isn’t happy. “I am finished the album sessions, but somehow it doesn’t feel truly complete”, he says. He urgently needs his latest release to be more successful than his last one, or he may .
DJ Lunar has just finished his new album. But he isn’t happy. “I am finished the album sessions, but somehow it doesn’t feel truly complete”, he says. He urgently needs his latest release to be more successful than his last one, or he may .
Fill in the blanks. Select “-” if you think no word should be added.
DJ Lunar has just finished recording 1 his new album. But he isn’t happy. “I am finished with 2 the album sessions, but somehow it doesn’t feel truly complete”, he says. He urgently needs his latest release to be more successful than his last one, or he may be finished 3.
DJ Lunar has just finished recording 1 his new album. But he isn’t happy. “I am finished with 2 the album sessions, but somehow it doesn’t feel truly complete”, he says. He urgently needs his latest release to be more successful than his last one, or he may be finished 3.
1 recording: When "to have finished" (or "to be finished") is followed by a verb, we put the verb in the gerundive (-ing) form. This refers to completing an action. For example: "Bruno has finally finished building the toy castle for his nephew".
1 to record: We cannot use the infinitive after "to be finished" or "to have finished".
1 the recording: Using "the" here makes "recording" into a noun. We can use a noun after "to have finished", but it doesn't make sense to use it immediately before the other noun "his album". We would have to add the word "of" here: "DJ Lunar has finished the recording of his new album".
2 with: "DJ Lunar is finished with the album sessions" is another way of saying "DJ Lunar has finished the album (recording) sessions" in spoken English. We can use "to be finished with" before an object being used or an activity which is completed. For example: "Jackie, are you finished with that leadership training course?".
2 -: We cannot use "to be finished" immediately before a noun like "album sessions". We must add the word "with" before a noun. However, we can use "to be finished" immediately before a verb ending in -ing, for example: "I am finished cleaning the bathroom".
2 of: We cannot say "finished of" in English. DJ Lunar might say: "I am tired of the album sessions" or "I am sick of the album sessions". Unfortunately, there is no rule to follow here: different adjectives are simply followed by different words! For example: finished with, happy with; tired of, sick of; irritated by, annoyed by.
3 be finished: In this context, "he may be finished" means "his career may be doomed" or "his reputation may be ruined". Another example: "The newspaper has published photographs of my bachelor party. I'm finished!".
3 have finished: If we used "to have finished" here, this would refer literally to finishing or completing something. This is not the intended meaning here. Also, it is not clear what DJ Lunar would have finished!
3 finish: If we used the verb "to finish" here, this would refer literally to finishing or completing something. This is not the intended meaning here. Also, it is not clear what DJ Lunar would finish!
Übung 4
Fill in the blanks.
Hannah is finished her office.
Are you that blowtorch, Horatio? I’d like to use it.
I am finished this novel and I never want to think about it again.
Hannah is finished her office.
Are you that blowtorch, Horatio? I’d like to use it.
I am finished this novel and I never want to think about it again.
Fill in the blanks.
Hannah is finished tidying 1 her office.
Are you finished with 2 that blowtorch, Horatio? I’d like to use it.
I am finished reading 3 this novel and I never want to think about it again.
Hannah is finished tidying 1 her office.
Are you finished with 2 that blowtorch, Horatio? I’d like to use it.
I am finished reading 3 this novel and I never want to think about it again.
1 tidying: "To be finished" and "to have finished" share the same meaning. When either phrase is followed by a verb, we put the verb in the gerundive (-ing) form. Another example: "Have you finished building that house of cards?".
1 to tidy: We cannot use the infinitive after "to be finished" or "to have finished".
1 tidy: We cannot use the infinitive (without "to") after "to be finished" or "to have finished". "Tidy" can also be an adjective, but we cannot use an adjective immediately before a possessive adjective like "her". We could say: "OK, I am finished admiring her tidy office".
2 finished with: "Are you finished with that blowtorch?" is another way of saying "Have you finished using that blowtorch?" in spoken English. We can use "to be finished with" before an object being used. For example: "I am finished with this pen, so you can have it".
2 finished: We cannot use "to be finished" immediately before a noun like "blowtorch". We must add the word "with" before a noun. However, we can use "to be finished" immediately before a verb ending in -ing, for example: "I am finished chopping these onions".
2 finishing: It is not really clear what "Are you finishing that blowtorch?" would mean. If Horatio were constructing a blowtorch himself, this sentence could make sense, but this is unlikely in this context. If someone wanted to ask to use something under construction, they would more likely ask: "Have you finished (or are you finished) making (or constructing) that blowtorch?".
3 reading: When "to be finished" (or "to have finished") is followed by a verb, we put the verb in the gerundive (-ing) form. This refers to completing an action. For example: "Hannah is finished reading the report".
3 read: "Read" could be an infinitive (without "to"), a present tense verb ("I read") or a past tense verb ("I read"). Unfortunately, none of these verb forms are grammatically possible immediately after "to be finished" or "to have finished"!
3 of reading: We cannot say "finished of" in English. Don't confuse it with "finished off", which has a similar meaning to "finished". We might say: "I am tired of reading this novel" or "I am sick of reading this novel". Unfortunately, there is no rule to follow here: different adjectives are simply followed by different words! For example: finished with, happy with; tired of, sick of; irritated by, annoyed by.
Übung 5
Fill in the blanks.
Bob’s friend: Surely you must be finished your house by now?
Bob: Not quite. We still haven’t finished the bathroom. It’s a complicated job.
Bob’s friend: Well, when you are finished it all, let me know. I want to come round and criticize your choice of colors.
Bob’s friend: Surely you must be finished your house by now?
Bob: Not quite. We still haven’t finished the bathroom. It’s a complicated job.
Bob’s friend: Well, when you are finished it all, let me know. I want to come round and criticize your choice of colors.
Fill in the blanks.
Bob’s friend: Surely you must be finished decorating 1 your house by now?
Bob: Not quite. We still haven’t finished painting 2 the bathroom. It’s a complicated job.
Bob’s friend: Well, when you are finished perfecting 3 it all, let me know. I want to come round and criticize your choice of colors.
Bob’s friend: Surely you must be finished decorating 1 your house by now?
Bob: Not quite. We still haven’t finished painting 2 the bathroom. It’s a complicated job.
Bob’s friend: Well, when you are finished perfecting 3 it all, let me know. I want to come round and criticize your choice of colors.
1 decorating: "To be finished" and "to have finished" share the same meaning. When either phrase is followed by a verb, we put the verb in the gerundive (-ing) form. Another example: "I am finished mopping the floor".
1 decorated: We cannot use the simple past tense after "to be finished" (or "to have finished"). In general, it is rare to find two words ending in -ed next to each other in a sentence in English.
1 to decorate: We cannot use the infinitive after "to be finished" or "to have finished".
2 painting: Again, we use the gerundive (-ing) form of the verb here, because it follows the phrase "to have finished" (in the negative). Another example: "They haven't finished talking yet! Stop interrupting them!".
2 paint: We cannot use the infinitive (without "to") after "to have finished" or "to be finished". "Paint" can also be an noun, but it doesn't make sense to use a noun immediately before "the bathroom", which is also a noun. We could say: "We haven't finished the paint for the bathroom" (meaning "We haven't used all the paint which is intended for use in the bathroom").
2 of painting: We generally do not use the word "of" with the word "finished". We can either say "to have finished" or "to have finished with". For example: "We have finished this jigsaw puzzle"; "I have finished with the hammer".
3 perfecting: The same principle applies here again: a verb is used after "to be finished", so the verb is in the gerundive (-ing) form. One more example for you: "They are finished composing the symphony".
3 to perfect: We cannot use the infinitive after "to be finished" or "to have finished".
3 perfect: We cannot use the infinitive (without "to") after "to be finished" or "to have finished". "Perfect (it all)" could also be an imperative verb (giving an instruction). However, this is unlikely here, because there is already an imperative in the last part of the sentence: "let me know". If we want to use multiple imperatives in a sentence, we usually link them with "and": "Look at me and tell me the truth".
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