Plural forms that take an ‑er, ‑s or no ending in German

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Plural forms that take an ‑er, ‑s or no ending

There are several different ways of forming the plural:

no ending:

  • masculine and neuter nouns ending in ‑el, ‑en, ‑er;

der Vater - die Väter

the father ‑ the fathers

das Fenster - die Fenster

the window ‑ the windows

  • nouns ending in the diminutive ‑chen or ‑lein.

das Brötchen - die Brötchen

the bread roll ‑ the bread rolls

das Tischlein - die Tischlein

the little table ‑ the little tables

-(e)r:

  • many neuter nouns with one syllable;

das Wort - die Wörter

the word ‑ the words

das Haus - die Häuser

the house ‑ the houses

  • some masculine nouns.

der Mann - die Männer

the man ‑ the men

-s:

  • some foreign words, and nouns ending in a vowel.

das Auto - die Autos

the automobile ‑ the automobiles

das Hobby - die Hobbys

the hobby ‑ the hobbies

Notes:

  • Some other plural forms take the endings ‑e, ‑en and ‑nen.
  • The vowels a, o, u, au often take an umlaut in the plural to become ä, ö, ü, äu.

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