Sentences that use si (if)
Sentences with si (if) express a condition or hypothetical situation. The tense used after si changes depending on whether the condition is possible, unlikely, or unreal.
- Real or possible condition: Si + present indicative + present, future or imperative
Si tengo tiempo, voy al gimnasio (presente)
If I have time, I go to the gym (present tense)
Si tengo tiempo, iré al gimnasio (futuro)
If I have time, I’ll go to the gym (future tense)
Si tienes tiempo, ve al gimnasio (imperativo)
If you have time, go to the gym (imperative)
- Improbable or unrealistic condition: Si + imperfect subjunctive + conditional simple
Si tuviera coche, te llevaría al aeropuerto.
If I had a car, I’d take you to the airport.
- Unreal or impossible condition: Si + past perfect subjunctive + conditional simple , conditional perfect or past perfect subjunctive
Si hubiera vivido en Alemania, sabría hablar alemán. (condicional simple)
If I had lived in Germany, I would speak German. (conditional simple)
Si hubiese sido millonaria, habría viajado por todo el mundo. (condicional compuesto)
If I had been a millionaire, I would have traveled all over the world. (conditional perfect)
Si hubiera salido a tiempo, no hubiera perdido el tren. (pluscuamperfecto de subjuntivo)
If I had left in time, I wouldn't have missed the train. (past perfect subjunctive)
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